From ginger fields to the aisles of consumerism: Making the geographies of ginger visible.

这项研究将通过实践电影民族志的博士学位来“揭开”生姜商品链的面纱，跟踪那些与生姜的社会再生产有利害关系的人。研究要求拟议的研究记录了印度西高止山脉生姜生产的材料和相关消费。该地区是联合国教科文组织世界遗产和生物多样性热点，其水文和流域功能支持半岛地区2.5亿多人口。生姜种植的“刀耕火种”（资本）和“烧烧”（化学品）轮作对生态系统产生了不利影响。到2031年，农业和种植园将覆盖西高止山脉57%的面积，使其16.5万平方英尺的常绿森林覆盖面积减少到10%。公里宽阔。视觉人种学研究研究了利益相关者之间的多重联系，提出了解决该地区生态系统退化所必需的适应性文化和政治变革。在展示生姜的地理位置时，电影民族志提出了以下问题：生姜种植如何影响小农的粮食安全？在姜的物质地理区域内，劳动关系是如何形成的？生姜种植对土地、遗产和环境的关系产生了怎样的影响？是什么塑造了消费者对生姜等商品的认知、态度和行为？视觉方法如何才能最好地关注通过姜纠缠的社会、文化和政治经济？研究背景本项目通过关注电影民族志的能力，扩展了对商品消费和“跟随”方法的研究。为了回应哈维“揭开面纱，揭开市场的拜物教……”的呼吁，我提议的导师库克教授跟踪木瓜，在一项多地区人种学研究中，通过一个复杂的协会网络，将英国的消费者与牙买加的生产者联系起来。Gregson等人对这项工作进行了扩展，他们认为“跟随事物”的研究可以扩展到价值链的下游。最近的研究已经超越了第一个消费点，沿着它们的“前进轨迹”进一步重新连接生产者和消费者。然而，建立“可见的”社会关系仍然是一个挑战，特别是在道德、共同创造的方法下。如果“跟随事物”研究是关于参与社会脱节，而电影具有独特的使事物可见的能力，那么地理学家参与制作表征实践的最佳方式将是通过电影制作的“过程”和“实践”。尽管当代电影如《难以忽视的真相》（2006年）、《共谋》（2014年）、《真实成本》（2016年）和《我不是你的黑人》（2017年）在激发批判行动主义和促进社会运动和正义的话语方面发挥了重要作用，但在地理研究中，视觉人种学方法的学术发展很少。最近由皇家人类学研究所（Royal anthropological institute）虚拟组织的人类学与地理学会议证明，这两个学科迫切需要在一系列当代问题上进行融合。拟议的研究解决了这样一个空白。研究贡献这个实践博士将提出一个评论，以配合实践输出(s)和两篇来自会议演讲的期刊文章。该研究的影响将集中在共同制作的纪录片上，该纪录片将通过电影放映，通过围绕生姜生产、粮食安全、环境管理、劳工的社会关系和面对环境变化的联合国教科文组织指定的辩论进行宣传，创造一个突出的公共和政策话语空间。

This research will "get behind the veil" of the ginger commodity chain through a PhD by practice film-based ethnography, following those who have a stake in the social reproduction of ginger.RESEARCH IMPERATIVESThe proposed research documents the materialities and associated consumption of ginger production in India's Western Ghats. The region is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and biodiversity hotspot supporting more than 250 million people in the peninsular region with its hydrological and watershed functions. Its ecosystem is adversely impacted by ginger cultivation's "slash" (with capital) & "burn" (with chemicals) shifting cultivation.Agriculture and plantation could cover 57% of the Western Ghats by 2031, reducing the evergreen forest cover to a mere 10% of its 165,000 Sq. Km expanse. The visual ethnographic study researches the multiple connections between stakeholders, to propose the adaptive cultural and political change necessary to address the degradation of the region's ecosystems.In making visible the geographies of ginger, the film ethnography interrogates:1. How does ginger cultivation affect the food security of small-holding farmers?2. How are labour relations shaped within the material geographies of ginger?3. How is the relationship with land, heritage and environment affected due to ginger cultivation?4. What shapes consumers' awareness, attitude and behaviour towards commodities likeginger?5. How can visual methodologies best pay attention to the social, cultural and politicaleconomies entangled through ginger?RESEARCH CONTEXTThis project extends research around commodity consumption and 'following' methodologies through a focus on the capacities of film ethnographies. To answer Harvey's call to "get behind the veil, the fetishism of the market...", my proposed supervisor, Prof Cook, followed the papaya, connecting consumers in the UK with the producers in Jamaica, through a complex inter-network of associations in a multi-locale ethnographic study. This work was extended by Gregson et al., who argued that 'follow the things' research could be expanded to follow down the value chain. Recent studies have followed things beyond the first point of consumption, along their "onward trajectories" to further the reconnection of producers and consumers. However, making 'visible' social connections remains a challenge, particularly with an ethical, co-created approach.If 'follow the thing' research is about engaging the social disconnect, and films are uniquely capable of making things visible, then the best way for a geographer to attend to the practice of making representations would be through the 'process' and 'practice' of filmmaking. Despite the rolecontemporary films like 'An Inconvenient Truth' (2006), 'Cowspiracy' (2014), 'True Cost' (2016) and 'I am not your Negro' (2017) play in energising critical activism and contributing to the discourse of social movements and justice, there has been little academic development of visual ethnography approaches within geographical studies. The recent Anthropology and Geography conference organised virtually by the Royal Athropological Insititute testifies an emergent need for the two disciplines to converge on a host of contemporary issues. The proposed research addresses one such lacuna.RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONThis PhD by practice will present a commentary to accompany the practice output(s) and two journal articles stemming from conference presentations. The impact from the research will centre on the co-created documentary, which will create a prominent space of public and policy discourse through film screenings, advocacy through debates around ginger production, food security, environmental management, the social relationships of labour and UNESCO designations in the face of environmental change.