Smoking Bans and Health: Effects of Exposure on the Job

描述：虽然吸烟对健康的负面影响很少，但关于环境烟草烟雾(ETS)或二手烟对健康的影响却鲜有共识。虽然有许多关于工作场所禁烟的研究，但许多研究可能存在选择偏见。这项研究旨在检查由州或地方当局而不是由个别公司实施的工作场所禁烟措施是否成功地减少吸烟和接触ETS。这项研究还旨在检查工作场所禁烟是否通过减少吸烟和接触ETS来改善婴儿和成人的健康结果，包括死亡率。这些目标的实现部分是通过比较禁烟前后食品服务业工人和其他工人的健康结果来实现的。这项研究将餐饮服务人员和其他员工进行了对比，因为在没有禁烟令的情况下，酒吧和餐馆的员工面临着顾客高比率的ETS。虽然禁烟令可能会对餐饮服务和其他员工的吸烟率产生类似的影响，但与实施禁烟令后的其他员工相比，酒吧和餐馆的员工应该会经历相对较大的外源性ETS下降。来自当前人口调查的数据烟草使用补充剂，加州烟草调查，出生证明数据的几个来源，以及死亡证明数据被用来检查各种禁止在公共场所，包括私人工作场所吸烟的立法的效果。这项研究的重点是加利福尼亚州和得克萨斯州埃尔帕索的禁烟令，但也使用具有全国代表性的数据审查了全州禁烟令的影响。

DESCRIPTION: While few would dispute that smoking has a negative impact on health, there is less of a consensus about the health effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), or second-hand smoke. While there are a host of studies of workplace bans on smoking, many suffer from possible selection bias. This research aims to examine whether workplace smoking bans implemented by state or local authorities- instead of by individual firms--are successful in reducing smoking and exposure to ETS. This research also aims to examine whether workplace smoking bans improve infant and adult health outcomes, including mortality, by reducing smoking and exposure to ETS. These goals are to be accomplished by, in part, a comparison of health outcomes for workers in the food services industry and other workers, before and after implementation of smoking bans. This research contrasts food services workers and other workers because workers at bars and restaurants face high rates of ETS from patrons in the absence of smoking bans. While smoking bans may influence own rates of smoking similarly for food services and other workers, workers at bars and restaurants should experience a relatively large, exogenous decrease in ETS compared with other workers following implementation of a smoking ban. Data from the Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplements, the California Tobacco Surveys, several sources of birth certificate data, and death certificate data are utilized to examine the effect of various legislation banning smoking in public places, including private workplaces. The study focuses on smoking bans in California and in El Paso, Texas, but also examines the impact of statewide bans using nationally representative data.