Precision/Acoustic Variation: Vocal Production

精度/声学变化：发声

• 批准号: 6885763
• 负责人: Michael Scott Osmanski
• 金额: $ 3.44万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-16 至 2007-04-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6885763
• 关键词: Aves; animal communication behavior; operant conditionings; predoctoral investigator; psychoacoustics; verbal behavior; verbal learning; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Budgerigars are small parrots that, like songbirds, have a complex, learned vocal repertoire. Previous findings in the Dooling lab have indicated that budgerigars, like humans, exhibit the Lombard effect - altering the intensity of their vocalizations in response to an increase in ambient noise level (Manabe et al., 1998). Pilot work that I have completed extends these findings in the frequency domain and suggests that budgerigars may only be able to alter the pitch of their vocalizations by a few hundred Hz or less. Here I propose to explore the potential mechanisms underlying vocal production in budgerigars using operant conditioning methods. Specifically, I will examine the typical range of acoustic variation (especially in the frequency, duration, and amplitude domains) measured in the contact calls of these birds and whether these birds can alter the various acoustic parameters of their calls. I am especially interested in determining the limits of acoustic change in contact call production. Results of these studies will contribute greatly to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying vocal production in this species and also offer insights into vocal behavior generally through comparisons with both songbirds and humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：虎皮鹦鹉是一种小型鹦鹉，像鸣禽一样，具有复杂的、习得的发声技巧。杜林实验室之前的研究结果表明，虎皮鹦鹉和人类一样，表现出伦巴第效应——随着环境噪音水平的增加而改变发声强度（Manabe et al., 1998）。我完成的试点工作将这些发现扩展到频域，并表明虎皮鹦鹉可能只能将其发声音调改变几百赫兹或更小。在这里，我建议使用操作条件反射方法探索虎皮鹦鹉发声的潜在机制。具体来说，我将检查在这些鸟类的接触叫声中测量到的声学变化的典型范围（特别是在频率、持续时间和幅度域），以及这些鸟类是否可以改变其叫声的各种声学参数。我对确定接触呼叫产生中声音变化的限制特别感兴趣。这些研究的结果将极大地有助于我们了解该物种发声的机制，并通过与鸣禽和人类的比较来深入了解发声行为。