OCT Image-guided Biopsy Needle

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案是一项多学科协作计划，涉及华盛顿大学工程学院、医学院和弗雷德哈钦森癌症研究中心临床研究部的研究人员。目的是开发一种高质量的光纤成像针，可以与活检针集成，用于原位引导组织取样。将探索新的方法来控制和实现所需的成像光束参数，并简化微加工过程。成像针不用于替代传统的针吸活检和组织学检查，而是通过将活检引导到最高产量的区域来优化组织采样。癌症的发展经过数年的时间，其特征在于组织和细胞结构以及组织光学性质的变化。活检后组织学检查是目前癌症诊断的标准。金标准的主要挑战是由于采样误差，活检可能具有低灵敏度。即使在传统的图像引导下，将活检针定位到小病变或大病变的最恶性组织仍然具有挑战性。光学相干断层扫描（OCT）是一种新兴的技术，可以在体内进行组织显微解剖结构的真实的截面成像。此外，定量信息的局部组织光学特性也可以获得OCT。该建议的假设是，一个强大的，微型OCT成像针，提供高分辨率的组织显微解剖和定量局部组织光学特性，可以开发和集成在活检针引导活检原位。具体目标是：（1）使用新的工程方法开发微型成像针，以实现高光学质量和机械鲁棒性;（2）将成像针与活检针集成，并使用组织模型测试集成装置的性能;以及（3）探索集成装置用于在小鼠前列腺癌TRAMP模型中体内引导活检的可行性。如果成功的话，功能集成的活检装置可以通过减少随机采样误差、最小化所需的采样组织体积和活检总数以及使活检侵入性更小来有益于实体器官（诸如乳腺、前列腺和胰腺）中的肿瘤诊断。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is a collaborative, multidisciplinary program involving researchers from the College of Engineering, School of Medicine at the University of Washington and the Clinical Research Division at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. The objective is to develop a high-quality fiber-optic imaging needle that can be integrated with a biopsy needle for in situ guidance of tissue sampling. New methods will be explored to control and achieve desired imaging beam parameters, and to simplify the microfabrication process. The imaging needle is not intended to replace the conventional needle biopsy and histology, but rather to optimize tissue sampling by directing the biopsy to areas of highest yield. Cancers develop over a period of several years and they are characterized by changes in tissue and cellular structure and tissue optical properties. Biopsy followed by histology is the current standard for cancer diagnosis. The major challenge with the gold standard is that biopsies can have low sensitivity due to sampling error. It remains challenging to target the biopsy needle to a small lesion or the most malignant tissue of a large lesion even under conventional image-guidance. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technology that can perform in vivo cross-sectional imaging of tissue microanatomy in real time. In addition, quantitative information about localized tissue optical properties can also be obtained with OCT. The hypothesis of this proposal is that a robust, miniature OCT imaging needle which provides high-resolution tissue microanatomy and quantitative localized tissue optical properties, can be developed and integrated within a biopsy needle for guiding biopsy in situ. The specific aims are to: (1) develop a miniature imaging needle using new engineering methods to achieve high optical quality and mechanical robustness; (2) integrate the imaging needle with a biopsy needle and test the performance of the integrated device with tissue phantoms; and (3) explore the feasibility of the integrated device for guiding biopsy in the mouse prostate cancer TRAMP model in vivo. If successful, the functionally integrated biopsy device can benefit tumor diagnosis in solid organs such as the breast, prostate and pancreas by reducing random sampling errors, minimizing the required sampling tissue volume and the total number of biopsies, and making biopsy less invasive.