OCT Image-guided Biopsy Needle

描述(由申请者提供)：该计划是一个多学科合作项目，由华盛顿大学工程学院、医学院和弗雷德·哈钦森癌症研究中心的临床研究部的研究人员参与。其目的是开发一种高质量的光纤成像针，它可以与活检针集成在一起，用于组织采样的原位指导。将探索新的方法来控制和实现所需的成像光束参数，并简化微制造过程。成像针并不打算取代传统的针活检和组织学，而是通过将活检引导到产量最高的区域来优化组织采样。癌症经过几年的时间发展，其特征是组织和细胞结构以及组织光学性质的变化。活组织检查和组织学检查是目前癌症诊断的标准。黄金标准的主要挑战是，由于抽样误差，活组织检查的敏感度可能较低。即使在传统的图像引导下，将活检针定位于小病变或大病变中最恶性的组织仍然具有挑战性。光学相干层析成像(OCT)是一种能够实时进行组织显微解剖的活体断层成像的新兴技术。此外，使用OCT还可以获得有关局部组织光学特性的定量信息。这一建议的假设是，可以开发一种坚固的微型OCT成像针，提供高分辨率的组织显微解剖和定量定位的组织光学属性，并将其集成在活检针中，用于指导原位活检。具体目的是：(1)利用新的工程方法开发一种微型成像针，以实现高光学质量和机械稳健性；(2)将成像针与活检针集成，并用组织模体测试集成装置的性能；以及(3)探索集成装置用于指导活体小鼠前列腺癌活体模型活检的可行性。如果成功，这种功能集成的活检设备可以减少随机抽样错误，最大限度地减少所需的抽样组织体积和活检总数，并使活检具有更小的侵入性，从而有利于乳腺、前列腺和胰腺等实体器官的肿瘤诊断。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is a collaborative, multidisciplinary program involving researchers from the College of Engineering, School of Medicine at the University of Washington and the Clinical Research Division at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. The objective is to develop a high-quality fiber-optic imaging needle that can be integrated with a biopsy needle for in situ guidance of tissue sampling. New methods will be explored to control and achieve desired imaging beam parameters, and to simplify the microfabrication process. The imaging needle is not intended to replace the conventional needle biopsy and histology, but rather to optimize tissue sampling by directing the biopsy to areas of highest yield. Cancers develop over a period of several years and they are characterized by changes in tissue and cellular structure and tissue optical properties. Biopsy followed by histology is the current standard for cancer diagnosis. The major challenge with the gold standard is that biopsies can have low sensitivity due to sampling error. It remains challenging to target the biopsy needle to a small lesion or the most malignant tissue of a large lesion even under conventional image-guidance. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technology that can perform in vivo cross-sectional imaging of tissue microanatomy in real time. In addition, quantitative information about localized tissue optical properties can also be obtained with OCT. The hypothesis of this proposal is that a robust, miniature OCT imaging needle which provides high-resolution tissue microanatomy and quantitative localized tissue optical properties, can be developed and integrated within a biopsy needle for guiding biopsy in situ. The specific aims are to: (1) develop a miniature imaging needle using new engineering methods to achieve high optical quality and mechanical robustness; (2) integrate the imaging needle with a biopsy needle and test the performance of the integrated device with tissue phantoms; and (3) explore the feasibility of the integrated device for guiding biopsy in the mouse prostate cancer TRAMP model in vivo. If successful, the functionally integrated biopsy device can benefit tumor diagnosis in solid organs such as the breast, prostate and pancreas by reducing random sampling errors, minimizing the required sampling tissue volume and the total number of biopsies, and making biopsy less invasive.