Diversity, distribution and function of plant-microbe symbioses

“研究一再表明，复杂的植物-微生物相互作用对植物的生长，质量和生命特征有着深远的影响。一些微生物赋予了一系列的能力，这些能力有助于通过消除压力和植物拮抗剂或通过动员营养物质来促进生长。相反，另一些则通过寄生主动地对几个关键的生长参数造成拖累。这些相互作用的很大一部分发生在根际，即植物根系周围的土壤区域。在这些相互作用中，丛枝菌根（AM）是植物和真菌之间的相互共生关系，是目前已知的最广泛的有益共生体之一。直到最近，所有的丛枝菌根真菌都被认为属于球囊菌门。近年来，已经变得明显的是，细根内生菌（FRES）属于毛霉门形成类似的AM共生。不幸的是，在AM共生的历史研究中，通过AM提取的经典方法，FRES的存在被无意中减少，或者在许多情况下被完全去除。因此，我们对AM功能、多样性、生态学和生活史的集体知识几乎完全基于肾小球真菌。该项目将研究这些丛枝菌根真菌在不断变化的环境中的多样性，分布，基因组和功能，包括一系列因素（时间，空间分布，生物和非生物）。一个关键的重点放在那些坐在经典Glomeromycota和较新的毛霉（集中在FRES）之间的比较分析将进行，试图确定AM的两个不同的群体之间的相似性和差异。该项目旨在突出似乎支配FRE和球囊霉共生的分布和多样性的关键因素。"

"Research has repeatedly shown that complex plant-microbe interactions have profound impacts upon a plant's growth, quality and life traits. Some microbes confer a range of abilities which help to promote growth through the removal of stress and plant antagonists, or through the mobilisation of nutrients. Conversely, others actively cause a drag on several key growth parameters through parasitism. A large portion of these interactions happen with the rhizosphere, the region of soil surrounding a plants root systemOf these interactions, arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), a mutual symbiotic association between plants and fungi, presents one of the most widespread beneficial symbioses currently known. Until recently, all arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were thought to have belonged to the phylum Glomeromycota. In recent years it has become apparent that fine root endophytes (FREs) belonging to the phylum Mucoromycotina form similar AM symbiosis. Unfortunately, Within historical studies on AM symbiosis the presence of FREs has inadvertently been reduced, or in many cases completely removed, through the classic methods of AM extraction. Due to this, our collective knowledge of AM function, diversity, ecology and life history has been based almost exclusively on the glomeromycotan fungi. This project will look to investigate the diversity, distribution, genome and function of these arbuscular mycorrhizae in changing environments, across a series of factors (time, spatial distribution, biotic and abotic). A key focus on comparative analysis between those that sit within the classic Glomeromycota and the newer Mucoromycotinas (focusing on the FREs) will be undertaken in attempt to identify both the similarities and differences between the two distinct groups of AM. This project aims to highlight the key factors that appear to govern the distribution and diversity of FRE and Glomeromycotan symbiosis. "