Lin Xiyi: An Exploration into the Shift of Analysis and Interpretation of the Zhuangzi

这个博士研究项目将研究林希益（1193-1271）对中国早期思想经典《庄子》的评论。我的目标是探索林的评注在文本分析中代表关键发展的方式，以及这揭示了评注的技巧。主要的研究问题是：1)林的评论在何种程度上受到宋代兴起的宗教或哲学思潮的影响，这种背景又如何使林的思想有别于以往的评论者？2)林是如何运用文学分析来阐释庄子的？纵观中国历史，评论一直是读者接触经典的一个重要特征，对西方语言翻译产生了重大影响。尽管如此，对传统庄子注释的研究一直缺乏，特别是在华语学术界之外。虽然对早期重要的释经家郭湘（253-312）的研究取得了良好的进展，但直到最近几年，中国的学者才开始更多地关注林夕一的释经。大多数研究都集中在新儒家思想的影响上。刘思和，2012)，在较小程度上，禅宗（孙红，2003）。一篇论文（李建勇2007）确立了林对庄子的文学分析是一个重要而有前途的研究领域，而一篇英文论文（Machek 2010）指出了郭祥和林希益的解释之间的一些区别。在这些研究的基础上，我的研究将探讨评论的技巧。我将研究林希易对关键术语和文本引用的使用，以了解重要的概念和文学影响如何塑造他对庄子的解释，以及这些评论如何反映他们所写的时间和文化。通过对比早期的评论，特别是郭祥的评论，我将强调林的作品中最具创新性的地方。他对文学分析的广泛运用就是一个很好的例子；我将评估他给予这种分析的突出程度，它所采取的形式的范围，以及这对他对文本的解释的影响。研究的主要方法将是仔细阅读原始文本，特别是庄子和林希益的评论，以及其他文本和影响的评论。对这些材料的分析将借鉴西方和东亚的学术研究。在研究林的评注所受的影响时，我将使用传统历史圣经释经方法论中确立的原则来评估他的作品与他的知识世界中已有元素的对应程度。在这种方法论中，概念史方法将特别适用于评估他对关键术语的使用。实现将基于使用我为软件Scrivener开发的系统从搜索中提取的数据；这允许使用正则表达式在特定的文本语料库中执行高级数字搜索。林对庄子的文学分析将首先通过识别他的作品中存在的不同形式的分析来探索。为了考虑他的方法和意图，将参考文学批评，在有用的相似之处可以辨别出来。然后，这些将与早期的注释进行历时对比，并与他那个时代的其他注释进行同步对比。使用圣经注释和文学批评的方法作为既定的方法是有价值的，有效地评估对注释的影响和方法。然而，为了避免根据与他的时代和地点不相关的标准来看待他的作品，需要注意一些问题。本研究的目的是从一个主体性的角度来考虑林希益的评论，这种方法将被用来帮助揭示他的作品中存在的东西，并在他自己的背景下理解它

This DPhil research project will examine Lin Xiyi's (1193-1271) commentary to a classic of early Chinese thought, the Zhuangzi. My objective is to explore the ways in which Lin's commentary represents key developments in analysis of the text and what this reveals about the craft of commentary. The main research questions are: 1) in what way is Lin's commentary influenced by the religious or philosophical trends that arose during the Song dynasty and how does this background shape Lin's thought distinctive from previous commentators? 2) How does Lin work with literary analysis to explicate the Zhuangzi?Throughout Chinese history, commentaries have been an essential feature of readers' engagement with the classics and a major influence on Western language translations. Despite this, there has been a lack of research into traditional Zhuangzi commentaries, especially outside of Sinophone academia. While good progress has been made on the key early exegete Guo Xiang (253-312), it is only in recent years that scholars, mostly in China, have begun to pay more attention the exegesis of Lin Xiyi. Most research has focused on the influence of Neo-Confucian thought (eg. Liu Sihe 2012) and, to a lesser extent, that of Chan Buddhism (Sun Hong 2003). One paper (Li Jianyong 2007) establishes Lin's literary analysis of the Zhuangzi as an important and promising area of study, while an English language paper (Machek 2010) notes some distinctions between the interpretations of Guo Xiang and Lin Xiyi.On the basis of these studies, my research will explore the craft of commentary. I will examine Lin Xiyi's use of key terms and textual citations in order to understand how important concepts and literary influences shape his interpretation of the Zhuangzi, and how such commentaries reflect the time and culture in which they are written. Through contrasts with earlier commentaries, especially that of Guo Xiang, I will highlight what is most innovative in Lin's work. His expanded use of literary analysis is a case in point; I will assess the level of prominence he gives to such analysis, the range of forms that it takes, and the impact this has on his interpretation of the text.The main method for research will be a close reading of primary texts, especially the Zhuangzi and Lin Xiyi's commentary, but also other texts and commentaries of influence. Analysis of these materials will draw on Western and East Asian academic studies.In studying the influences on Lin's commentary I will use principles established in the tradition-historical methodology of biblical exegesis to assess the degree to which his work corresponds to pre-existing elements of his intellectual world. Within this methodology, the concept history approach will be particularly relevant for assessing his use of key terms. Implementation will be based on data drawn from searches using a system I have developed for the software Scrivener; this enables the use of Regular Expressions to carry out advanced digital searches within a specific corpus of texts.Lin's literary analysis of the Zhuangzi will be explored by first identifying the different forms of analysis present in his work. Reference to literary criticism will be made where useful parallels can be discerned in order to consider the methods and intentions of his approach. These will then be contrasted diachronically, with earlier commentaries, and synchronically, with other commentaries of his time. The use of methodologies of biblical exegesis and literary criticism are valuable as established approaches, effective in assessing influences and approaches to exegesis. However, some caution will be observed in order to avoid viewing his work according to criteria that are not pertinent to his time and place. The intention of this research is to consider Lin Xiyi's commentary from an emic perspective and such methods will be applied to help reveal what is present in his work, and understand it in the context of his own ti