WATER CYCLING IN HIGH-ALTITUDE WETLANDS - IMPLICATIONS FOR WATER SECURITY IN THE PERUVIAN ANDES

高海拔湿地的水循环——对秘鲁安第斯山脉水安全的影响

• 批准号: 2592168
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2592168
• 关键词: WATER; CYCLING; ALTITUDE; WETLANDS; IMPLICATIONS

Project Summary (Please do not exceed 4000 characters, including spaces):Project highlights:The development and validation of hydrological process understanding of high-altitude mountain wetlands (bofedales) that will transform understanding of mountain water provision to highly dependent and vulnerable end users in Peru. Co-developed with end-users (CONDESAN) to maximise the impact of the project in regional water resource planning in Peru. A multi-disciplinary project that is closely aligned with NERCs most-wanted skills including: freshwater science, fieldwork, laboratory analysis, modelling and numeracy.Overview:Mountains are the world's water towers because they convey large rainfall inputs and meltwater from snow and glaciers to downstream regions. In the arid lowlands of western Peru, runoff from the Andes mountain range is pivotal in meeting domestic and industrial water demand relating to hydropower production, mining and agriculture (Vuille et al., 2018). However, rising water demand, projected climate warming (Pabón-Caicedo et al., 2020), and the continued retreat of Peru's mountain glaciers (Zemp et al., 2019) are exacerbating national water scarcity and affirm the need for effective water resource planning. A key bottleneck to this, is lack of hydrological process understanding relating to how Andean rainfall and meltwater propagates through the terrestrial water cycle to downstream end users (Buytaert et al., 2017).In the Peruvian Andes, vast mountain wetland systems, locally known as bofedales, are thought to be important water stores that regulate the release of stored water seasonally and, therefore, are likely to control the provision of mountain runoff to downstream end users (Buytaert et al., 2011). These natural infrastructures also provide wider ecosystem services by alteringmountain runoff, enriching local biodiversity and acting as a considerable carbon store (Hribljan et al., 2015). They are, however, extremely vulnerable to hydroclimatic shifts and anthropogenic disturbances brought about by climate warming, glacier retreat, and peat exploitation (Polk et al., 2017). Despite their potential hydrological significance and high vulnerability to environmental change, our current understanding of bofedales hydrology is very limited. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by developing new process-understanding of bofedales hydrology. This will be underpinned by new and existing in-situ field measurements which will be used to characterise bofedales water sources and pathways dynamics and their interactions (e.g. snow, glaciers, hillslopes, groundwater). Once established, the new process-understanding will be implemented in a computational glacier-hydrology model and validated against field data, with the potential to use this to explore the wider significance of bofedales in meeting downstream human and environmental water demand.

项目概要（请不要超过4000个字符，包括空格）：项目亮点：发展和验证对高海拔山区湿地（bofedales）水文过程的理解，这将改变对秘鲁高度依赖和脆弱的最终用户山区供水的理解。与最终用户（CONDESAN）共同开发，以最大限度地扩大该项目在秘鲁区域水资源规划中的影响。这是一个多学科项目，与NERC最需要的技能密切相关，包括：淡水科学，实地考察，实验室分析，建模和计算能力。概述：山脉是世界上的水塔，因为它们将大量的降雨输入和雪和冰川的融水输送到下游地区。在秘鲁西部干旱的低地，来自安第斯山脉的径流在满足与水电生产、采矿和农业有关的家庭和工业用水需求方面至关重要（Vuille等人，2018年）。然而，不断上升的水需求，预计气候变暖（Pabón-Caicedo等人，2020年），以及秘鲁山区冰川的持续退缩（Zemp等人，2019年）正在加剧国家水资源短缺，并确认需要有效的水资源规划。这方面的一个关键瓶颈是缺乏对安第斯降雨和融水如何通过陆地水循环传播到下游终端用户的水文过程的了解（Buytaert等人，在秘鲁的安第斯山脉，广阔的山区湿地系统，当地称为bofedales，被认为是重要的储水库，季节性地调节储存水的释放，因此，很可能控制向下游终端用户提供山区径流（Buytaert等人，2011年）。这些自然基础设施还通过改变山区径流、丰富当地生物多样性和充当相当大的碳储存，提供更广泛的生态系统服务（Hribljan等人，2015年）。然而，它们极易受到气候变暖、冰川退缩和泥炭开采带来的水文气候变化和人为干扰的影响（Polk等人，2017年）。尽管其潜在的水文意义和高度脆弱性的环境变化，我们目前的了解bofedales水文是非常有限的。本研究旨在通过开发新的过程，了解bofedales水文，以解决这一知识差距。这将得到新的和现有的实地测量的支持，这些测量将用于监测水资源和路径动态及其相互作用（例如雪、冰川、山坡、地下水）。一旦建立，新的过程理解将在计算冰川水文模型中实施，并根据现场数据进行验证，有可能利用这一点来探索bofedales在满足下游人类和环境用水需求方面的更广泛意义。