Effects of Age, Knowledge, & Control Beliefs on Reading

描述（由申请人提供）：知识是一个重要组成部分， 认知功能及其作用越来越受到人们的认可， 关于认知和智力的理论著作。因为知识储存 随着年龄的增长，研究人员质疑， 知识可以超过年龄相关的下降，通常发现在力学 处理.一些数据表明，知识的获取和使用 需要作出一些努力，因此， 感知控制。然而，目前还不清楚知识和控制信念是如何 共同影响认知过程和是否有年龄差异， 这些过程。根据研究表明，控制信念是 特别是在老年人中，控制信念可能是一个重要的 老年人知识使用的前因。三个编码过程， 已经被确定为控制之间关系的可能中介 信念和认知绩效是持久性、策略使用和任务 订婚拟议的研究调查了一个中介模型，其中 年龄、控制信念、知识和记忆表现之间的关系 探索和这些编码过程的中介作用被认为是。 这项研究的长期目标是更好地了解知识和 控制信念可以抵消认知过程中与年龄相关的下降。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Knowledge is an important component of cognitive functioning and its role is becoming increasingly acknowledged in theoretical work on cognition and intelligence. Because knowledge stores increase with age, researchers have questioned whether the benefits of knowledge can outweigh age-related declines typically found in the mechanics of processing. Some data suggest that the acquisition and the use of knowledge require some effort and therefore could benefit from increased levels of perceived control. Yet it remains unclear how knowledge and control beliefs jointly affect cognitive processing and whether there are age differences in these processes. In light of the research indicating that control beliefs are particularly important among older adults, control beliefs may be an important antecedent of knowledge use among older adults. Three encoding processes that have been identified as possible mediators of the relationship between control beliefs and cognitive performance are persistence, strategy use, and task engagement. The proposed research investigates a mediational model in which the relationships among age, control beliefs, knowledge and memory performance are explored and the mediational role of these encoding processes are considered. The long-term goal of this research is to better understand how knowledge and control beliefs can offset age-related declines in cognitive processing.