Individual and Contextual Factors Supporting Health Communication via Food Labels

通过食品标签支持健康沟通的个人和背景因素

• 批准号: 8464028
• 负责人: LISA Soederberg MILLER
• 金额: $ 37.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8464028
• 关键词: Adherence; Adult; Affect; Age; Behavior; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Communication; Decision Making; Diet; Disease; Eating; Education; Effectiveness; Elderly; Environment; Eye; Familiarity; Food; Food Labeling; Food Selections; Goals; Health; Health Care Costs; Health Communication; Health Food; Healthcare; Incidence; Individual; Label; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Life Cycle Stages; Light; Malignant Neoplasms; Methodology; Modeling; Modification; Obesity; Pamphlets; Persons; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Process; Productivity; Reading; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Series; Short-Term Memory; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Training; Treatment Efficacy; United States; Weight; Work; base; cancer type; contextual factors; cost; food environment; food marketing; good diet; improved; information processing; nutrition; prevent

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adherence to a healthy diet can delay the onset of, as well as reduce the impact of, numerous diseases which result in healthcare and lost productivity costs in excess of $43 billion annually in the United States. Factors that support healthy dietary behaviors are multifaceted and many are difficult to modify. In this proposal, we examine an approach to dietary quality improvement that focuses on decision making and the information processes that support it. More specifically, we propose an examination of how food labels, a potentially important source of diet and health information, affect decision quality. In a series of laboratory studies, we manipulate food label information (nutrition facts panels, ingredient lists, label claims, and brand familiarity) and use eye tracking and think-aloud methodologies to investigate processes (e.g., the number of pieces of information considered, relative weight given to each type of information, potential biases of one source type over another) that individuals use to understand the food label information in order to make decisions regarding food choice. We also examine the extent to which the quality of decisions based on food labels can be increased through information processing tasks to a greater extent than through reading food label pamphlets. Information processing strategies and decision quality will be evaluated in light of life course and food environment (e.g., local food retailer availability and food advertising). A life course approach is essential because of the constellation of changes that occur in later life that increase the importance of nutrition (due to increased diet-related chronic illnesses) yet render nutrition information more challenging to understand (due to declines working memory capacity). A consideration of the food environment is essential because individuals have varying opportunities and resources for healthy food selection which will likely impact how adults process nutrition messages. We propose an ecological model of health communication that is grounded within a framework emphasizing connections between people and places, and use stratified cluster sampling to assure that we examine information processing as it occurs across a wide segment of society. The long-term goal of this project is to increase dietary choice through more effective communication of nutrition information on food labels. To the extent that labels are more malleable than are other factors related to dietary decisions, such as food environment or education, food label modifications may represent a relatively inexpensive approach to reducing the incidence of diet-related diseases.

描述(申请人提供)：坚持健康饮食可以延缓多种疾病的发病，并减少其影响，在美国，这些疾病每年导致的医疗保健和生产力损失超过430亿美元。支持健康饮食行为的因素是多方面的，许多因素很难改变。在这项提案中，我们研究了一种改善饮食质量的方法，该方法侧重于决策和支持决策的信息处理。更具体地说，我们建议研究食品标签是如何影响决策质量的，食品标签是饮食和健康信息的潜在重要来源。在一系列实验室研究中，我们操纵食品标签信息(营养事实面板、成分列表、标签声明和品牌熟悉度)，并使用眼睛跟踪和有声思考方法来调查个人用来理解食品标签信息以做出关于食品选择的决定的过程(例如，考虑的信息片段数量、给予每种类型信息的相对权重、一种来源类型对另一种来源类型的潜在偏见)。我们还审查了在多大程度上可以通过信息处理任务而不是通过阅读食品标签小册子来提高基于食品标签的决策的质量。信息处理策略和决策质量将根据生活过程和食品环境(例如当地食品零售商的供应情况和食品广告)进行评估。生命历程方法是必不可少的，因为在晚年生活中发生的一系列变化增加了营养的重要性(由于与饮食有关的慢性病增加)，但使营养信息更难理解(由于工作记忆能力下降)。考虑食物环境是至关重要的，因为每个人都有不同的机会和资源来选择健康的食物，这可能会影响成年人处理营养信息的方式。我们提出了一个健康传播的生态模型，该模型植根于强调人与地之间联系的框架内，并使用分层整群抽样来确保我们检查发生在社会广泛部分的信息处理。该项目的长期目标是通过更有效地传播食品标签上的营养信息来增加饮食选择。在一定程度上，标签比其他与饮食决定有关的因素，如食品环境或教育，更具延展性，食品标签修改可能是减少与饮食有关的疾病发生率的一种相对廉价的方法。