Printing solar cells for future technologies

背景应用目标和集成Photopolics（ATIP）项目是由SPECIFIC和斯旺西大学领导的600万英镑的计划拨款，与帝国理工学院伦敦和牛津大学密切合作，并得到12个主要工业合作伙伴的支持。由EPSRC资助的整个项目的主要目标是推动下一代有机光致发光材料和钙钛矿光致发光材料（PV）的采用，以支持未来的技术，该EngD项目涉及从实验室到工厂的印刷光致发光材料的规模扩大，作为由Trystan沃森教授领导的SPECIFIC PV研究团队的一部分。 光伏放大和稳定性研究活动目前在斯旺西大学进行，并安置在专门建造的设施中，其中包括一个新的稳定性测试和洁净室打印设施。印刷能力包括丝网印刷、喷墨印刷、槽模印刷、刮刀印刷、凹版印刷和柔性版印刷。SPECIFIC的光伏特性实验室旨在快速进行玻璃或柔性金属和塑料表面上薄膜光伏材料的原型制作。项目目标研究工程师将在更大的项目团队中工作，将小面积实验室开发的太阳能电池（钙钛矿和有机光催化剂）转移到大面积工业化过程中;与帝国理工学院伦敦和牛津大学的合作者合作，以确保目标功能和可加工性。这将涉及采用符合方案设计要求并能实现一体化的方法，制定沉积和干燥溶液基钙钛矿和有机太阳能电池材料的缩放战略;特别关注缩小小面积电池和大面积电池之间的效率差距。日常活动将需要使用传统的实验室方法制造和表征太阳能电池（旋涂）以及更工业相关的方法（狭缝模头、卷对卷、丝网印刷）。将有机会发展功能材料的印刷，涂层和寿命测试以及使能技术开发方面的技能，并提供至少一种先进的材料表征技术（SEM，N2吸附，XRD等）。

BackgroundThe Application Targeted and Integrated Photovoltaics (ATIP) project is a £6M Programme Grant led by SPECIFIC and Swansea University, in close collaboration with Imperial College London and Oxford University and supported by 12 key industrial partners. The main objective of the overall project, funded by EPSRC, is to drive the uptake of next generation organic photovoltaics and perovskite photovoltaics (PV) to support future technologies and this EngD project relates to the scale-up of printed photovoltaics from laboratory to factory as part of the SPECIFIC PV research team led by Professor Trystan Watson. The PV scale-up and stability research activity is currently carried out at Swansea University and is housed in purpose-built facilities which include a new stability testing and cleanroom printing facility. Printing capabilities include screen, inkjet, slot-die, blade, gravure, and flexography. The photovoltaic characterisation laboratory at SPECIFIC is setup to rapidly progress the prototyping of thin film PV materials on glass or flexible metal and plastic surfaces. Project AimsThe research engineer will work within the larger project team to transfer small area laboratory developed solar cells (perovskite and organic photovoltaics) to large-area industrialised processes; working with collaborators at Imperial College London and Oxford University to ensure targeted functionality and processability. This will involve developing scaling strategies for depositing and drying solution-based perovskite and organic solar cell materials using methods that meet the programme's design requirements and enabling integration; particularly focusing on reducing the efficiency gap between small and large area cells.Day to day activities will entail the fabrication and characterisation of solar cells using both conventional laboratory methods (spin-coating) as well as more industrially relevant methods (slot-die, roll to roll, screen printing). There will be opportunity to develop skills in printing, coating and lifetime testing of functional materials and the development of enabling technologies, with provision to specialise in at least one advanced materials characterisation technique (SEM, N2 adsorption, XRD, etc).