White Sea meromictic lakes as rich archives of paleoenvironmental change

气候变化正日益威胁着全球湖泊生态系统。据预测，到公元2100年，由于气候变化，全球约16%的湖泊将减少其混合制度，并成为永久分层（部分混合）。在北极和亚北极地区，气候变化导致湖泊的热量和水文状况发生变化，直接影响到其生物多样性和生产力1，23。因此，必须了解这些湖泊将如何应对未来的气候变化，以及这将如何影响湖泊的整体生产力。因此，本研究将研究现有的部分融合湖泊内的白色海地区，并重建其对过去的气候变化的反应，以发展我们的理解如何湖泊可能会响应未来的气候变化。白色海目前的部分混合（永久分层）湖泊在全新世是如何演化的？2.是否有任何地层学证据表明，白色海地区的快速冰川消退是由于全新世中晚期气温的快速上升造成的？3.有没有任何地层学的证据可以证明整个全新世的海平面变化？

Climate change is ever increasingly threatening global lake ecosystems1. It is predicted that approximately 16% of lakes worldwide will see a reduction in their mixing regime and become permanently stratified (meromictic) as a result of climate change by 2100AD2. Within the Arctic and subarctic, climate change has seen a shift in the lakes' thermal and hydrological regimes, directly affecting their biodiversity and productivity 1,23. It is, therefore, imperative to understand how these lakes will respond to future climatic change and how this will affect overall lake productivity. This study will, therefore, examine existing meromictic lakes within the White Sea region and reconstruct their response to past climate change, in order to develop our understanding of how lakes may respond under future climate change.Research Questions1. How have the presently meromictic (permanently stratified) lakes of the White Sea evolved over the Holocene?2. Is there any stratigraphic evidence of rapid deglaciation within the White Sea region being attributed to a rapid rise in temperatures over the mid-late Holocene?3. Is there any stratigraphic evidence of sea level change recorded throughout the Holocene?