An inordinate fondness for seabirds: how to explain patterns in abundance and diversity of albatrosses and petrels across the Southern Ocean

对海鸟的过度喜爱：如何解释南大洋信天翁和海燕的丰富性和多样性模式

• 批准号: 2598175
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2598175
• 关键词: inordinate; fondness; seabirds; how; explain

Seabirds are amongst the most conspicuous and charismatic of all bird groups, reflecting their often very high abundance at colonies, and their phylogenetic and morphological diversity. How these species co-exist particularly when they must return to the same stretch of coast or island during the breeding season, has fascinated researchers keen to understand niche partitioning. The recent exponential increase in tracking data from seabirds offers unprecedented opportunities for research on the distribution, ecology and evolution of seabirds. Knowledge of key habitat variables allows species distribution models (SDMs) to be built, but there is increasing evidence that birds from adjacent colonies can show spatial segregation, and SDMs sometimes perform poorly when applied to other life-history stages, populations or environments. The aims of this project are to use extensive tracking datasets from albatrosses and petrels breeding at different island groups in the Southern Ocean to: compare habitat use and foraging behavior across the annual cycle; test the predictive performance of different types of SDMs; determine the role of accessibility and preference in explaining habitat use across populations; examine convergence in habitat preference by ecologically-similar species at different sites and its role in community structure.

海鸟是所有鸟类中最引人注目和最有魅力的一类，这反映了它们在群体中的丰富度往往很高，以及它们的系统发育和形态多样性。这些物种是如何共存的，特别是当它们必须在繁殖季节回到同一片海岸或岛屿时，这让热衷于了解生态位划分的研究人员着迷。最近海鸟跟踪数据的指数增长为研究海鸟的分布、生态和进化提供了前所未有的机会。对关键栖息地变量的了解有助于建立物种分布模型(SDMS)，但越来越多的证据表明，来自相邻群体的鸟类可以表现出空间隔离，当SDMS应用于其他生活史阶段、种群或环境时，有时表现不佳。该项目的目的是利用在南大洋不同岛群繁殖的信天翁和海燕的广泛跟踪数据集：比较栖息地的利用和在年度周期中的觅食行为；测试不同类型的SDMS的预测性能；确定可获得性和偏好在解释种群间栖息地利用方面的作用；检查不同地点生态相似物种的栖息地偏好的趋同及其在群落结构中的作用。