Sadness and Art: A Philosophical Investigation

在这项研究中，我将论证那些声称情绪是对价值观的直接或间接反应的情绪理论比那些认为情绪是信念和欲望的复合物的理论更可取。为了做到这一点，我将讨论一些关于我们对悲伤文学小说和悲伤音乐的情感参与的困惑，我将展示基于价值的情感理论可以提供这些问题的解决方案，而他们的信仰-欲望对应物则在挣扎。我将要解决的问题是：为什么我们喜欢艺术，它通过讨论悲伤的例子使我们体验到不愉快的情绪;如何可能对虚构的物体做出情感反应的问题;以及音乐表现力包括什么的问题。

In this research, I will argue that theories of emotions which claim that emotions are direct or indirectreactions to values are preferable to those which maintain that emotions are compounds of beliefs anddesires. To do so, I will discuss some puzzles concerning our emotional engagement with sad literaryfiction and sad music, and I will show that value-based theories of emotions can provide solutions tothese problems, while their belief-desire counterparts struggle. The puzzles I will address are question ofwhy we enjoy art which makes us experience unpleasant emotions by discussing the case of sadness;the question of how it is possible to respond emotionally to fictional objects; and the question of whatmusical expressivity consists in.