Sadness and Art: A Philosophical Investigation

在这项研究中，我将论证那些声称情绪直接或间接影响价值观的情绪理论比那些认为情绪是信念和欲望的混合物的理论更可取。为此，我将讨论一些关于我们对悲伤文学小说和悲伤音乐的情感参与的困惑，我将展示基于价值的情感理论可以为这些问题提供解决方案，而它们的信仰-欲望对应物却在苦苦挣扎。我将通过讨论悲伤的情况来解决为什么我们喜欢让我们体验不愉快情绪的艺术的问题；如何对虚构的事物产生情感上的反应；以及音乐表现力包含的问题。

In this research, I will argue that theories of emotions which claim that emotions are direct or indirectreactions to values are preferable to those which maintain that emotions are compounds of beliefs anddesires. To do so, I will discuss some puzzles concerning our emotional engagement with sad literaryfiction and sad music, and I will show that value-based theories of emotions can provide solutions tothese problems, while their belief-desire counterparts struggle. The puzzles I will address are question ofwhy we enjoy art which makes us experience unpleasant emotions by discussing the case of sadness;the question of how it is possible to respond emotionally to fictional objects; and the question of whatmusical expressivity consists in.