Deconvoluting gene activity and cell-of-origin of platelet DNA

血小板是血液中的小细胞，对止血、血管维持和免疫反应起着重要作用。当细胞死亡时，它们将细胞核中的DNA释放到血液中，从而在血浆中产生无细胞DNA （cfDNA）。我们最近证明，尽管血小板不含细胞核，但它们从血液中“真空”cfDNA片段，保护它们不被降解。它们可能在cfDNA的清除中发挥关键作用，并作为生物传感器在不同类型的细胞之间传递信息。该项目将专注于研究血小板中新发现的DNA，并研究我们是否可以确定DNA片段来自哪种细胞类型。如果血小板DNA中含有丰富的此类信息，我们将训练机器学习算法来预测血小板DNA模式的基因活性和起源细胞。这将为一种新的常规健康监测方法铺平道路，这种方法可以通过简单的血液检查来实现。

Platelets are small cells in the blood that are fundamental to haemostasis, blood vessel maintenance and play a role in immune responses. When cells die, they release the DNA from their nucleus into the blood, resulting in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in blood plasma. We recently demonstrated that although platelets do not contain a nucleus, they 'vacuum' cfDNA fragments from blood and protect them from degradation. They may play a key role in the clearance of cfDNA, and act as biosensors to relay information between different type of cells. The project will focus on studying the newly discovered DNA in platelets and investigate whether we can determine the cell type the DNA fragments are coming from. If platelet DNA is rich in such information, we will train a machine learning algorithm to predict gene activity and cell of origin from platelet DNA patterns. This would pave the way for a new method in routine health monitoring, applicable with a simple blood test.