How does land use impact on global air quality and climate: a combined satellite and model study

背景和动机未来的粮食安全和人口增长的压力导致人类土地利用变化。土地利用变化通过改变气体和气溶胶的自然排放影响空气质量，并通过辐射强迫影响气候。这是因为土地使用变化改变了影响辐射、水分和碳收支的大气-生物圈相互作用。植被还排放生物挥发性有机化合物（BVOCs），形成二次有机气溶胶（SOA），改变主要空气污染物颗粒物（PM2.5）和臭氧的水平，并影响短期气候强迫因子（SLCFs）的丰度。此外，土地使用的变化往往是由火灾和生物质燃烧引起的，这也会造成空气质量差，影响气候。了解当前和未来的土地使用变化，如大规模砍伐森林，如何影响大气成分和辐射，对于全球努力解决空气质量差和减缓气候变化至关重要。一个关键的不确定性是我们有限的了解如何土地利用变化影响空气质量和气候通过BVOC排放量和SOA的形成变化-这将在这个项目中得到解决。Aim and ObjectivesThis project将使用卫星测量结合新的和现有的多模式模拟，以量化的关键过程和土地利用变化对空气质量和气候的影响。我们的目标是：研究主要毁林地区的排放量和大气成分;评估土地使用变化对空气质量影响的多模式模拟以及更详细的过程表示的模型模拟的改进;量化土地使用、气候和人为排放量的未来变化如何进一步影响空气质量和气候。

Background and MotivationFuture pressures driven by food security and population growth result in anthropogenic land use change. Land use change impacts air quality by changing natural emissions both of gaseous and aerosol species, and impacts climate through radiative forcing. This occurs because land-use change alters atmosphere-biosphere interactions that influence radiation, moisture and carbon budgets. Vegetation also emits biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) that form secondary organic aerosols (SOA) that modify levels of major air pollutants particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone and influence the abundance short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs). In addition, land use change is often brought about by fires and biomass burning that too cause poor air quality and impact climate. Understanding how current and future land-use change, such as large-scale deforestation, impacts atmospheric composition and radiation is important for global efforts to tackle poor air quality and mitigate climate change. A key uncertainty is our limited understanding of how land-use change influences air quality and climate through changes in BVOC emissions and SOA formation -this will be addressed in this project.Aim and ObjectivesThis project will use satellite measurements combined with new and existing multi-model simulations to quantify the key processes and impacts of land use change on air quality and on climate. Our objectives are: to study emissions and atmospheric composition over major areas of deforestation; to assess multi-model simulations of land-use change impacts on air quality and improvements in model simulations with more detailed process representation; and to quantify how the combination of future changes in land use, climate and anthropogenic emissions will further impact air quality and climate.