Development of 4D Operando Optical Scattering Microscopy to Track Ion Dynamics and Phase Transition in Battery Electrodes

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Using recent developments in optical scattering microscopy in the Rao Group to track and quantify ion dynamics and phase transitions in battery materials directly at a single particle level, with sub-ms time-resolution and sub-20nm spatial resolution. We envision that this new microscopy methodology, with ability to provide real-time insights into nano-scale electronic and structural phase transitions, coupled with its straightforward lab-based implementation, could see it become an indispensable tool for high-throughput material discovery and mechanistic studies. The project will build on this breakthrough and extend the methodology to include all three spatial dimensions (+1 temporal) via use of quantitative phase imaging, which will enable the study of ion flow within the complex three-dimensional structures common to battery electrodes.