Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage in the UK

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Low-temperature (LT) (<50 C) Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) is a type of geothermal seasonal energy storage that has the potential to deliver large capacity (ca.GW) heating and cooling with high efficiency (ca. 70-90%) and be deployed with other renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. LT-ATES is a key candidate technology for large-scale decarbonisation of heating and cooling in the UK, because there are suitable aquifers beneath numerous large urban and industrial centres. On the other hand, high-temperature ATES (>50 C) has the potential to store large volumes of energy deep underground and may be key to managing future renewable power surpluses and deficits in the future. The aim of this project is to undertake numerical modelling of ATES in the UK and answer important questions such as, 'what fraction of UK demand for heating/cooling could be supplied by LT-ATES?' and 'is HT-ATES viable in the UK?'