Cocaine: Translational Effects on Infant Vocalizations and Maternal Response

可卡因：对婴儿发声和母亲反应的转化影响

• 批准号: 8003573
• 负责人: Elizabeth Thomas Cox Lippard
• 金额: $ 2.98万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8003573
• 关键词: Affect; Animal Model; Animals; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Clinic; Cocaine; Complex; Control Groups; Crying; Data; Drug Addiction; Drug usage; Early Diagnosis; Evaluation; Exhibits; Exposure to; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Human; Individual; Infant; Maternal Behavior; Measures; Modeling; Mothers; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Rattus; Reporting; Rodent; Role; Speed; Translating; Woman; caregiving; child neglect; cocaine exposure; cocaine use; cocaine-exposed infant; neglect; prenatal exposure; public health relevance; research study; response; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cocaine use by women with infants and young children is highly correlated with child neglect. Both mothers and infants play important roles in care-giving and elicitation of care respectively, so drug use or infant prenatal exposure to drugs likely play an interactive role in the disruption of maternal care. Despite the high rate of neglect in this population, little is understood about how cocaine use specifically interferes with maternal-infant interactions. A rat model of cocaine-induced maternal neglect indicated that rodent mothers from both drug- treated and control groups exhibited delayed or lessened maternal behavior towards cocaine-exposed infants during the early postpartum period. Delayed maternal behavior was even more pronounced in cocaine-treated mothers. These data imply that in animal models, cocaine-induced changes in both mother and infant influence quality of maternal care. Since similar behavioral changes are reported in both human and non- human studies, a translational project aimed at examining human and animal models can more directly assess changes in specific, highly relevant behaviors of mothers and infants that affect their interactions. Human and rodent mothers attend to infant vocalizations. Vocalizations of cocaine-exposed infants may be altered, and thus elicit differential care from mothers. The specific aims of this project focus on understanding why mothers who abuse drugs during pregnancy, specifically cocaine, show an increase in neglectful behavior towards their infant, and if cries produced from these infants contribute to neglectful care received. It will be determined if a) prenatal cocaine exposure in human and rodent infants results in changes in specific cry characteristics and b) if these differences alter human and rodent maternal response to the cries, particularly in drug-exposed mothers. The proposed experiments will be the first systematic evaluation of these measures in both human and animal models simultaneously. The long-term objectives serve to determine how cocaine exposure affects early nurturing behavior and maternal-infant interactions and whether a common mechanism underlying one aspect of human and animal cocaine-induced neglect is involved. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: With the growing number of individuals who suffer from drug addiction, and the effect that parental drug addiction has on infants and children, it is imperative we begin to understand the complex relationship between drug use and maternal behavior. Using both human and animal models has the capacity to speed discovery and inform basic science to translate into early detection markers for use in the clinic. By determining the effects of cocaine on human and rodent infant vocalizations and the effects of these altered vocalizations on maternal response we can begin to understand the meaning of cocaine-induced vocalizations on maternal care.

描述(申请人提供)：有婴幼儿的妇女使用可卡因与忽视儿童密切相关。母亲和婴儿分别在提供护理和引发护理方面发挥着重要作用，因此药物使用或婴儿产前接触毒品可能在中断产妇护理方面发挥交互作用。尽管这一人群的忽视率很高，但人们对可卡因的使用如何具体干扰母婴互动知之甚少。可卡因引起的母亲忽视的大鼠模型表明，在产后早期，药物治疗组和对照组的啮齿动物母亲对接触可卡因的婴儿表现出延迟或减少的母亲行为。在服用可卡因的母亲中，母亲行为迟缓的现象更加明显。这些数据表明，在动物模型中，可卡因引起的母亲和婴儿的变化影响了产妇护理的质量。由于类似的行为变化在人类和非人类研究中都有报道，一个旨在检查人类和动物模型的翻译项目可以更直接地评估影响母婴互动的特定、高度相关的行为的变化。人类和啮齿动物的母亲会照顾婴儿的发声。接触可卡因的婴儿的发声可能会发生改变，因此会引起母亲的区别对待。该项目的具体目标是了解为什么在怀孕期间滥用药物，特别是可卡因的母亲对其婴儿的疏忽行为增加，以及这些婴儿发出的哭声是否会导致得到疏忽的照顾。将确定a)人类和啮齿动物婴儿产前接触可卡因是否会导致特定哭声特征的变化，以及b)这些差异是否会改变人类和啮齿动物母亲对哭声的反应，特别是在接触药物的母亲中。拟议中的实验将是首次在人体和动物模型中同时对这些措施进行系统评估。长期目标用于确定可卡因暴露如何影响早期养育行为和母婴互动，以及是否涉及人类和动物可卡因引起的忽视的一个方面的共同机制。 公共卫生相关性：随着越来越多的人遭受药物成瘾，以及父母药物成瘾对婴儿和儿童的影响，我们必须开始了解药物使用和母亲行为之间的复杂关系。同时使用人类和动物模型能够加速发现，并为基础科学提供信息，以转化为临床使用的早期检测标记。通过确定可卡因对人类和啮齿动物婴儿发声的影响以及这些发声改变对母体反应的影响，我们可以开始理解可卡因诱导发声对母体护理的意义。