Understanding the biological mechanisms and cognitive consequences of adverse childhood experiences

了解不良童年经历的生物机制和认知后果

• 批准号: 2630303
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2630303
• 关键词: Understanding; biological; mechanisms; cognitive; consequences

The working and social climate for the majority of people in UK has changed dramatically in recent months. Adapting to online working and socializing has added to the sources of potential stress in our lives. An inability to handle stress - which is often exacerbated by adverse childhood experiences - is a key predictor of problems with cognition, such as memory, decision-making and mood. A minority of those who experience adversity during early life however display resilience to stress during adulthood. The reasons behind this are as yet unclear but may include genetically-determined alterations in biological responses. In this project the student will examine how different participants (those with previous experience of stressful life events) respond to an online psychosocial stressor (the digital Trier test), establish how this stressor impacts on memory and decision making, and gain insight into the neural mechanisms associated with resilience to these stressors. The project will examine the effects of early life stress using a number of complementary approaches. First, the student will carry out a computational analysis of a large database to determine the factors that successfully mitigate against later cognitive problems in those with early life stress. They will then carry out behavioural studies in people with a history of early life stress to examine how they respond to social rejection and 'digital stress' (via the digital Trier test). Last, they will carry out a functional and diffusion MRI study to test whether those who show resilience during a digital stress task, which we have established in UoM, down-regulate activity in a particular neural circuit underpinning stress-reactivity, that is also implicated in social reward [1,2 - see above].Throughout the project the student will have the opportunity to work in a thriving academic environment with opportunities to expand their PhD studies throughout. .

近几个月来，英国大多数人的工作和社会环境发生了巨大变化。适应在线工作和社交增加了我们生活中潜在压力的来源。无法应对压力——不良的童年经历往往会加剧这种压力——是记忆、决策和情绪等认知问题的一个关键预测因素。然而，少数在早年经历过逆境的人在成年后却表现出了抗压能力。其背后的原因尚不清楚，但可能包括生物反应中基因决定的改变。在这个项目中，学生将检查不同的参与者（那些曾经经历过压力生活事件的人）如何应对在线心理社会压力源（数字特里尔测试），确定该压力源如何影响记忆和决策，并深入了解与这些压力源的恢复力相关的神经机制。该项目将使用多种补充方法来研究早期生活压力的影响。首先，学生将对大型数据库进行计算分析，以确定成功缓解早期生活压力者日后认知问题的因素。然后，他们将对有早年生活压力史的人进行行为研究，以检查他们如何应对社会拒绝和“数字压力”（通过数字特里尔测试）。最后，他们将进行功能性和扩散 MRI 研究，以测试那些在数字压力任务中表现出弹性的人是否会下调支撑压力反应性的特定神经回路的活动，这也与社会奖励有关[1,2 - 见上文]。在整个项目中，学生将有机会在蓬勃发展的学术环境中工作，并有机会扩展他们的博士研究。 。