Iron nutrition/impaired development motor learning

铁营养/运动学习发育障碍

• 批准号: 7017214
• 负责人: Matthew David McEchron
• 金额: $ 7.33万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-15 至 2008-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7017214
• 关键词: animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; cerebellum; conditioning; developmental neurobiology; developmental nutrition; dietary iron; hippocampus; laboratory rat; learning; malnutrition; mother /embryo /fetus nutrition; neuropathology; nutrition related tag; psychomotor function; reflex

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent nutritional disorder in the world, and numerous reports suggest that ID during early development produces cognitive and motor impairments in children and adolescents. The present proposal will use rats to determine if perinatal ID impairs several forms of a motor learning task called eyeblink conditioning. One form of this task, called delay eyeblink conditioning, is administered by presenting an auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) and following it immediately by a periorbital unconditioned stimulus (US) which produces an eyeblink response. After repeated pairings of the CS and US, the CS will elicit a conditioned eyeblink response which precedes the US. This delay eyeblink conditioning task depends on circuits primarily through the cerebellum, a brain structure which is critical for motor coordination. If, however, a silent trace interval separates the CS and US the task is called trace eyeblink conditioning, and it depends on circuits through both the cerebellum and hippocampus. Delay and trace eyeblink conditioning can be useful tools for studying how perinatal ID affects cerebellar and hippocampal learning circuits. Our preliminary data show that rats subjected to perinatal ID are able to acquire cerebellum-dependent delay eyeblink conditioning, but they do so more slowly than control rats. These data also suggest that ID rats may show impairments in eyeblink response amplitude and timing. It is unknown if these impairments in the cerebellar task continue into adulthood after nutritional ID has been reversed. Specific Aim I will determine if perinatal ID produces irreversible impairments in cerebellum-dependent delay eyeblink conditioning which persist into adulthood after iron diets are returned to normal. A previous study from our laboratory used a much different non-motor fear conditioning task to show that perinatal ID completely prevents hippocampus-dependent fear learning, and this impairment was not reversed by a normal iron diet. Specific Aim II will determine if perinatal ID also produces complete and irreversible impairments in hippocampus-dependent motor learning (i.e., trace eyeblink conditioning). In lay terms, this proposal will help us understand the impact of iron nutrition on the development children's ability to learn fine motor skills. Moreover, eyeblink conditioning is often used in humans; therefore, this animal learning proposal could be critical for future eyeblink conditioning studies with ID in humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：铁缺乏症（ID）是世界上最普遍的营养障碍，许多报告表明，早期发展期间的ID会导致儿童和青少年的认知和运动障碍。本提案将使用大鼠确定围产期ID是否会损害称为EykeBlink条件的几种形式的运动学习任务。该任务的一种形式（称为延迟的眼神调节）是通过呈现听觉条件刺激（CS）来管理的，并通过产生眼神闪光反应的周围无条件无条件刺激（US）立即遵循。在CS和我们的反复配对之后，CS将引起在美国之前的条件透明响应。这种延迟的眼神调节任务取决于小脑的电路，小脑是大脑结构，这对于运动配位至关重要。但是，如果静音痕量间隔将CS分开，而我们的任务称为跟踪扬声器链接条件，并且取决于通过小脑和海马的电路。 延迟和痕量呼吸链接条件可能是研究围产期ID如何影响小脑和海马学习电路的有用工具。我们的初步数据表明，受到围产期ID的大鼠能够获得依赖小脑依赖的延迟举动调节，但是比对照大鼠更慢。这些数据还表明，ID大鼠可能会显示出震颤响应振幅和时机的损害。在营养ID被逆转之后，小脑任务中的这些障碍是否持续到成年。具体目的，我将确定围产期ID是否在小脑依赖性延迟的眼神调节中会产生不可逆的损害，在铁饮食恢复到正常状态后持续到成年后。我们实验室先前的一项研究使用了截然不同的恐惧调节任务，以表明围产期ID完全阻止了海马依赖性恐惧学习，并且这种障碍并没有被正常的铁饮食逆转。特定的目标II将确定围产期ID是否还会在海马依赖性运动学习（即，痕量的闪光条件）中产生完全且不可逆的障碍。 简而言之，该提案将有助于我们了解铁营养对儿童学习精细运动技能能力的影响。此外，人类经常使用泪链接调理。因此，该动物学习建议对于人类ID的将来的眼神调节研究至关重要。