Decolonising the botanic garden: the 20th century journey from colonial assemblages to sites of memory and global plant conservation

植物园非殖民化：20 世纪从殖民聚集地到记忆遗址和全球植物保护的旅程

• 批准号: 2642449
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2642449
• 关键词: Decolonising; botanic; garden; 20th; century

From their European roots in medicine and elite prestige, botanic gardens (BGs) were exported as powerful colonial assemblages. By 1902, the British Empire and UK held 45% of the world's BGs, centred at Kew. 70 years later, BGs were symbols of old coloniality in newly independent countries, such as Jamaica, whilst Kew was turning to conservation.Research on colonial BGs and Kew concentrates on C18-C19th (eg Endersby 2008, Drayton 2000, McCracken 1997) excluding C20th, whilst distance from the archives at Kew has restricted Jamaican BG research. This C20th journey of BGs from colonial assemblages to sites of memory and global plant conservation is a critical research lacuna.Research on the multivocal histories, cultural landscapes and societal values of BGs in Jamaica and Kew in C20th is entangled in the current historical moment, demanding engagement with decolonisation discourse reinvigorating late C20th postcolonial work. This project is also contextualised by Caribbean reparation negotiations and redevelopment pressures on the Jamaican BG sites, heightened by BLM and Covid. Decolonisation requires a personally reflexive method that situates the academic researcher who, in this instance, is also a practising heritage professional. I use autoethnographic qualitative research tools to document the iterative unfolding of the research process and co-development of relationships, prioritising accountability, context, truthfulness and community (Gonzalez 2003); foregrounding subjectivity and exposing contemporary Eurocentrism (Pathak 2010). These tools enable me to evaluate and develop decolonisation practices in UK archaeology, heritage and BGs; exploring how decolonising academic research can inform international professional heritage practice, and vice versa, in my lived experience straddling both worlds. In the first term of my PhD (part-time) I have engaged key stakeholders and identified research context and scope. Working with stakeholders from the outset ensures research impact for Kew and Jamaican BGs, addressing gaps they identify as critical.For the rest of years 1-2 I shall continue to build context, refine methodology, scope resources and begin archival and participant research in London; connecting with the humanities hub at Kew and interviewing past and current staff. Continuing throughout the PhD, this work at Kew will interrogate changing C20th Kew-Jamaican BG relationships and develop a broad understanding of Kew's postcolonial turn to conservation. I shall work across a range of primary sources, from administrative and personal archives to literature, media and artworks.In Jamaican fieldwork in years 3-4, I shall undertake archival, participant and landscape research in 4 BGs: to generate understanding of the C20-C21st histories and cultural landscapes of Jamaican BGs, including as sites of memory after Independence, building on work on C18-C19th (Nesbitt, 2018; Taylor, 2014; Edwards 2014). I shall combine desk-based and site-based landscape research to develop a multivocal reading of the cultural landscape, drawing on embodiment, materiality and contestation in the current phenomenological turn. I will use participant research methods to map current and past societal and heritage values, alongside oral history to document changes within living memory.Years 5-6 will focus on data analysis and writing, with regular trips to Kew to refine research and network. As this is a part-time PhD addressing time-critical issues I intend to publish as I progress: making data and findings available to inform proposed BG development in Jamaica; to bridge the conceptual gap between Kew's pre-C20th heritage and its current conservation role, so supporting informed WHS management and Scientific Quarter development; to engage with decolonisation debate, and to lay the ground for future C20th BG research.The project is flexible by design, as Covid opens up and closes down resources.

植物园在欧洲的医学根基和精英声望，使其成为强大的殖民地聚集地。到1902年，大英帝国和英国拥有世界上45%的BGs，集中在基尤。70年后，在新独立的国家，如牙买加，BG是旧殖民地的象征，而基尤是转向保护。殖民BG和基尤的研究集中在C18-C19（如恩德斯比2008年，德雷顿2000年，麦克拉肯1997年）不包括C20，而距离档案馆在基尤限制了牙买加BG的研究。这C20日的旅程从殖民地组合的记忆和全球植物保护的网站的BG是一个关键的研究lacuna.Research在牙买加和基尤在C20日的多域历史，文化景观和BG的社会价值是纠缠在当前的历史时刻，要求与非殖民化话语振兴晚C20后殖民工作的参与。该项目亦受到加勒比赔偿谈判及牙买加BG场地重建压力的影响，BLM及Covid加剧了这一压力。去殖民化需要一种个人反思的方法，这种方法定位于学术研究者，在这种情况下，他也是一名实践中的遗产专业人员。我使用autoethnographic定性研究工具来记录研究过程的迭代展开和关系的共同发展，优先考虑问责制，背景，真实性和社区（冈萨雷斯2003）;突出主观性并揭露当代欧洲中心主义（Pathak 2010）。这些工具使我能够评估和发展英国考古学，遗产和BG的非殖民化实践;探索非殖民化学术研究如何为国际专业遗产实践提供信息，反之亦然，在我跨越两个世界的生活经验中。在我的博士学位（兼职）的第一个学期，我已经与主要利益相关者进行了接触，并确定了研究背景和范围。从一开始就与利益相关者合作，确保基尤和牙买加BG的研究影响，解决他们确定为关键的差距。在剩下的1-2年里，我将继续建立背景，完善方法，范围资源，并开始在伦敦的档案和参与者研究;与基尤的人文中心连接，并采访过去和现在的工作人员。继续在整个博士学位，这项工作在基尤将询问不断变化的C20基尤-牙买加BG的关系，并制定了广泛的理解基尤的后殖民转向保护。我将在一系列的主要来源工作，从行政和个人档案到文学，媒体和艺术品。在牙买加的实地工作3-4年，我将在4个BG进行档案，参与者和景观研究：在C18-C19工作的基础上，了解牙买加BGs的C20-C21历史和文化景观，包括独立后的记忆遗址（Nesperson，2018; Taylor，2014; Edwards，2014）。我将结合联合收割机基于桌面和基于站点的景观研究，开发一个多域的文化景观的阅读，在当前现象学转向的具体化，物质性和再现性。我将使用参与式研究方法来绘制当前和过去的社会和遗产价值，以及口述历史，以记录生活记忆中的变化。5-6年将专注于数据分析和写作，定期前往基尤完善研究和网络。由于这是一个兼职博士学位，解决时间紧迫的问题，我打算出版，因为我的进展：提供数据和调查结果，以告知拟议的BG发展在牙买加;弥合基尤的前C20遗产和其目前的保护作用之间的概念差距，从而支持明智的WHS管理和科学季度的发展;参与非殖民化辩论，并为未来的C20 BG研究奠定基础。该项目设计灵活，因为Covid开放和关闭资源。