Scalar Domain Walls in Laboratory Experiments

我们想设计一个实验来检测由一个新的光标量场介导的第五种力，它可以扮演暗物质或暗能量的角色。在参数空间中存在一个以前未被探索过的区域，在这个区域中，真空室可以抵消任何外部影响，从而使第五种力的影响可以被检测到。一个好的真空将导致一个非常低的密度环境，在这个环境中，粒子可以与引力强度耦合，物质粒子上的标量场是潜在的可观测的。对称理论包括一个特征性的相变;从宇宙学上讲，这种相变发生在宇宙膨胀和冷却的时候。当相变发生时，可以形成拓扑缺陷（“畴壁”）。希望通过设计和制造拓扑定制的真空吸尘器，我们可以通过将这些畴壁绑定到腔室的内部来确保这些畴壁的寿命。然后，我们可以进行一个粒子实验，其中一个物质粒子入射到畴壁上。当物质粒子接近畴壁时，它将经历由标量场介导的第五种力，并将被偏转，甚至可能被畴壁反射。这种偏转或反射是第五种力的标志，可能会限制暗区的一些先前不受约束的部分。

We would like to design an experiment to detect the fifth force mediated by a new light scalar field that can play the role of dark matter or dark energy. There exists a previously unexplored region of parameter space in which a vacuum chamber can nullify any outside effects and thus make the effects of the fifth force detectable. A good vacuum will result in a very low density environment in which the symmetron can couple with gravitational strength, and the scalar field on a matter particle are potentially observable. Symmetron theories include a characteristic phase transition; cosmologically speaking, this transition occurs as the universe expands and cools. As the phase transition occurs, topological defects can form ("domain walls"). It is hoped that by designing and manufacturing a topologically-tailored vacuum cleaner, we can ensure that theses domain walls are long-lived by binding them to the interior of the chamber. We can then perform a particle experiment in which a matter particle is incident on a domain wall. As the matter particle approaches the domain wall, it will experience that fifth force mediated by the scalar field and will be deflected or possibly even reflected off the domain wall. This deflection or reflection is a signature of the fifth force and could constrain some previously unconstrained parts of the dark sector.