The gendered experience of internment: Jewish and Gypsy women in French camps, 1940-1946

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This thesis will examine the experience of Jewish and Gypsy women in French internment camps during the Occupation.Using gender theory to investigate the Holocaust, and the first-hand experiences of persecution of the Gypsy people, itwill bring together two areas that remain underexplored in the study of Occupied France. The term "Gypsy" is employedhere as the closest translation of the French term "Tsigane" designating Roma and Sinti populations. Through analysingthe correspondence, personal writings and testimonies of interned women, I will illuminate the often-overlookednarratives of Jewish and Gypsy women, and seek to answer the following questions: In what ways did Jewish and Gypsywomen's gender underlie their experience of internment? How did notions of French identity, nationality and "otherness"impact their experiences? How do discrepancies in the sources available to study them shape our understanding of thehistory of these women?