Examining the Effect of Childhood Individual and Contextual Risk Factors on Violence Use and Experience at Early Adulthood (18-21 years)

检查童年个体和背景风险因素对成年早期（18-21 岁）暴力使用和经历的影响

• 批准号: 2901103
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2901103
• 关键词: Examining; Effect; Childhood; Individual; Contextual

Violence against children is a human rights and public health concern affecting an estimated 1 billion children globally (Hillis et al., 2016). Contexts at home and in school shape both children's experiences of violence and may also affect how children's experiences of violence affect them. Children's individual factors and contexts are dynamic and are likely to shape their experiences and impacts of violence (Rada, 2014; Rodrigues et al., 2022). Household factors like single-parent headed, witnessing violence, mental health status of parent are likely influence sexual violence or physical violence perpetration or victimization at early adulthood (Rada, 2014). School attendance over time is likely to reduce exposure to violence during adolescence and the likely effects of violence during early adulthood (Rada, 2014). Schools and households are promising entry points for VAC prevention. This study aims to generate evidence to explore changes in violence experiences over W1 & 2 and their associations with physical & sexual violence; and mental health outcomes at early adulthood (W3). Objective 1: To examine individual risk factors associated with physical and sexual violence experience and use at early adulthood (W3)What individual factors (W1) are associated with physical and sexual violence use & experience at late adolescence and early adulthood (W3)?Objective 2: To determine the associations between violence exposure during adolescence (11-14 years) and violence experience and use at early adulthood (18-21 years)1.Is there a difference in physical and sexual violence experience (W3) and use among young adults following different exposure patterns to violence at W1 & W2?2.Is the severity of violence experienced during early adolescence associated with physical and sexual violence use and experience at early adulthood? 3.Is the association between violence exposure at early adolescence (W1) and early adulthood (W3) violence experience and use affected by disability status and sex of the adolescent?4.Is there an association between type of perpetrator (W1 & W2) and experience and use of violence at early adulthood (W3)?Objective 3: To measure the influence of family and school contexts on the effect of childhood exposure to violence at adulthood1.How does family/school context affect the association between experience of violence at adolescence and experience (W1) and use of physical and sexual violence at early adulthood (W3)?2.Are positive family/school contexts protective against negative effects of violence at early adulthood?3.How does family/school context affect the association between experience of violence at adolescence (W1) and mental health outcomes at early adulthood (W3)?The researcher shall conduct longitudinal data analysis using the COVAC dataset which is comprised of 3,431 adolescents followed over 3 time points: W1 in 2014, W2 in 2018 and W3 in 2021. 3,820 adolescents were recruited at W1 & 90% accepted to be followed up. Exposure shall be obtained from W1 & W2. Multivariable modelling shall be conducted to measure the association between childhood exposure to violence and physical and sexual violence use and experience at early adulthood. Project alignment to the MRC's strategy and core skillsThis proposed project will directly contribute to VAC program design and policy discourse especially in making our schools, homes and communities safer for children in Uganda. The project will equip me to conduct rigorous & independent violence research.It provides an opportunity for me to acquire skills in conceptualization, analysis and reporting of violence use and experience. Through support from the experienced researchers, I will build a support network to enable me successfully complete this PhD and explore opportunities for research collaboration. The skills I will acquire from this program shall contribute to reducing the current gap in the number of locally available experts wi

暴力侵害儿童是一个人权和公共卫生问题，影响到全球约10亿儿童（Hillis等人，2016年）。家庭和学校的环境塑造了儿童的暴力经历，也可能影响儿童的暴力经历如何影响他们。儿童的个人因素和环境是动态的，可能会影响他们的暴力经历和影响（Rada，2014年; Rodrigues等人，2022年）。单亲家庭、目睹暴力、父母的心理健康状况等家庭因素可能会影响成年早期的性暴力或身体暴力实施或受害（Rada，2014年）。随着时间的推移，上学可能会减少青少年时期遭受暴力的机会，并减少暴力对成年早期的可能影响（Rada，2014年）。学校和家庭是预防VAC的有希望的切入点。本研究旨在提供证据，以探讨W1和W2期间暴力经历的变化及其与身体和性暴力的关联;以及成年早期（W3）的心理健康结果。目标一：检查与成年早期的身体和性暴力经历和使用相关的个体风险因素（W3）哪些个体因素（W1）与青春期后期和成年早期的身体和性暴力使用和经历（W3）相关？目标二：为了确定青少年时期（11-14岁）的暴力暴露与成年早期（18-21岁）的暴力经历和使用之间的关联1.在W1和W2的暴力暴露模式不同的年轻人中，身体和性暴力经历（W3）和使用是否存在差异？2.青少年早期遭受暴力的严重程度是否与成年早期的身体暴力和性暴力使用和经历有关？3.青少年早期（W1）暴力暴露与成年早期（W3）暴力经历和使用之间的关联是否受青少年残疾状况和性别的影响？4.施暴者的类型（W1和W2）与成年早期的暴力经历和使用暴力（W3）之间是否存在关联？目标3：家庭/学校环境如何影响青少年时期的暴力经历与成年早期的身体暴力和性暴力经历（W1）和使用暴力（W3）之间的关联？2.积极的家庭/学校环境是否能保护成年早期免受暴力的负面影响？3.家庭/学校环境如何影响青少年暴力经历（W1）与成年早期心理健康结果（W3）之间的关联？研究人员将使用COVAC数据集进行纵向数据分析，该数据集由3个时间点的3，431名青少年组成：2014年W1，2018年W2和2021年W3。在W1招募了3，820名青少年，90%接受随访。应从W1和W2获得曝光。应进行多变量建模，以衡量童年遭受暴力与成年初期遭受身体暴力和性暴力之间的关联。该拟议项目将直接有助于VAC方案的设计和政策讨论，特别是在使我们的学校、家庭和社区对乌干达儿童更安全方面。该项目将使我能够进行严格和独立的暴力研究。它为我提供了一个机会，让我获得概念化，分析和报告暴力使用和经历的技能。通过经验丰富的研究人员的支持，我将建立一个支持网络，使我能够成功完成这个博士学位，并探索研究合作的机会。我将从该计划中获得的技能将有助于减少目前当地可用专家数量的缺口，