Orbitofrontal cortex mediation of emotion regulation

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的目的是支持候选人发展进行功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究所需的技能，以调查眶额皮质在社会和情感功能中的作用。培训内容包括指导发展技能优化血氧水平依赖（BOLD）信号在眶额皮质（OFC）在健康的参与者，神经放射学评估的局限性脑病变，并介绍神经心理患者与OFC损伤到功能磁共振成像环境。眶额皮层受损会导致情绪失调和社交不当行为。所获得的技能将允许调查的神经机制的情绪处理和没有神经输入的眶额皮层。本研究计划探讨三种主要情绪加工的行为和神经机制：1）无关情绪材料的抑制; 2）情绪效价（积极与消极）对情绪材料抑制的影响; 3）情绪状态对注意和判断的影响。通过补充行为和功能磁共振成像方法，这些研究将展示参与情绪调节的神经机制，包括健康个体的眶额皮层介导皮质和皮质下脑区的神经动力学以及眶额损伤后这些动力学的重组。这项研究对于理解各种神经和心理疾病的情感症状至关重要。由于传统神经影像学方法的限制和难以建立患者队列，眶额皮层对情绪处理的调节研究不足且了解不多。加州大学伯克利分校提供了完美的培训环境，因为它有一个多学科的研究小组，致力于先进的功能磁共振成像技术，以及一个既定的队列患者与眶额皮层损伤。拟议的研究和培训计划将为候选人提供高度专业化的培训，并促进社会和情感功能的神经生物学模型的发展，该模型可以应用于一系列神经和心理障碍的具体假设。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this proposal is to support the candidate's development of skills necessary to perform functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research to investigate the role of the orbitofrontal cortex in social and emotional functioning. The training component includes the mentored development of skills in optimizing blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in healthy participants, neuroradiology assessment of circumscribed brain lesions, and the introduction of neuropsychological patients with OFC damage into the fMRI environment. Damage to the OFC causes emotion dysregulation and socially inappropriate behavior. The acquired skills will allow for the investigation of neural mechanisms of emotion processing with and without the neural input of the OFC. The research plan proposes to investigate behavioral and neural mechanisms of three primary emotion processes: 1) inhibition of irrelevant emotional material; 2) the effect of emotional valence (positive vs. negative) on inhibition of emotional material; 3) the influence of mood-state on attention and judgment. Through complementary behavioral and fMRI methods, these studies will demonstrate the neural mechanisms involved in emotion regulation, including the neural dynamics of orbitofrontal cortex mediation of cortical and sub-cortical brain regions in healthy individuals and the reorganization of these dynamics after orbitofrontal damage. This research is crucial to the understanding of affective symptoms across a variety of neurological and psychological disorders. Orbitofrontal cortex mediation of emotion processing is under-researched and poorly understood because methodological constraints of traditional neuroimaging and difficulties establishing a patient cohort. The University of California at Berkeley provides the perfect training environment as it has a multidisciplinary group of researchers working on advanced fMRI techniques, as well as an established cohort of patients with OFC damage. The proposed research and training plan will provide highly specialized training for the candidate and facilitate the development of a neurobiological model of social and emotional functioning that can be applied with specific hypotheses across a spectrum of neurological and psychological disorders.