Entanglement and New Quantum Phenomena in Semiconductor Nanostructures

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The project will develop and extend our recent experimental discovery that electron-electron repulsion canbreak a single row of confined carriers into two or more separate rows, this is the start of a Wigner Lattice inwhich the mutual repulsion of the electrons determines how they organise in space. The separate lines of thezig-zag are entangled and give rise a new fractional conductance, which comprises novel, highly interacting,fractional state. This phenomenon is the long sought non-magnetic equivalent of the Fractional Quantum HallEffect. Theory has established that the fractions arise due to the entanglement of two rows of electrons whichcan be manipulated by varying their mutual separation.The new fractions will be studied as a function ofelectric and magnetic fields which alter the wavefunctions, in particular the formation of the fractional state inquantum dots of differing geometries will be explored and a read-out mechanism established.Electron focussing in which a current is injected into a 2D region and then focused by a magnetic field allowsan imaging of the ground state wave function which changes as electrons strongly interact. We have recentlyshown that this method allows observation of the transtion from single to double rows and it will be a valuablediagnostic tool for the formation of the Wigner lattice. The technique can also be used to determine the spinpolarisation of the separate rows of the lattice.The physics of the process will be explored and a Quantum Computation scheme developed based around theentanglement of the electrons as the Wigner Lattice forms. The experiments will use the group's very lowtemperature facilities and will involve device fabrication in the LCN Clean Room and collaboration with theoristsin the UK and abroad.