Does neoliberalism create more harmful societies?

新自由主义是否会创造出更加有害的社会？

• 批准号: 2732647
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2732647
• 关键词: Does; neoliberalism; create; more; harmful

In recent years interest has grown in the concept of social harm as a form of interdisciplinary enquiry that can provide accurate and systematic analyses of injury in capitalist societies. This methodological lens offers a sophisticated picture of social injury, enabling us to understand the interrelated nature of harm, its social patterning, and how its impacts accumulate across one's life course. A principal motivation for this work has been to document the purported harms caused by the neoliberal restructuring that has reshaped advanced industrialised societies since the late 1970s. A key - yet largely untested claim of the social harm approach is that neoliberal reforms have eroded the ability of states to regulate market activity and weakened public institutions designed to protect populations from socioeconomic harms - creating more harmful societies.To date, this analysis remains theoretical and qualitative in nature, and these claims are largely untested. A few studies map the association between aspects of neoliberal reform and rising social harms; yet these focus on a limited number of variables and utilise cross-sectional designs that are unable to capture causal links between these phenomena. Moreover, even a more limited number of experimental studies exist that address causal relationships between neoliberalism and factors that could be defined as social harms. Therefore, there is a significant gap in the literature requiring quantitative methods capable of measuring causality between multiple features of neoliberalism and social harms.Firstly, this research project will address this gap by making a significant contribution to the operationalisation of the social harm definition and the development of aetiological models of harm production. It will utilise Pemberton's threefold definition of social harm: autonomy harms (the inability to lead a life of own choosing; e.g. poverty, insufficient leisure time), relational harms (the inability to maintain positive relationships with others; e.g. social isolation, misrecognition) and physical/mental health harms (ill-health, e.g. high blood pressure, depression). The empirical application will allow further refinement of these concepts, which will provide a significant contribution to the current literature. The causal models for this study will be built from the extant political economy literature that defines neoliberalism as the re-ordering of social and economic relationships to promote the market and competition as the most effective means to organise society. Secondly, this project will adopt a multi-method approach and longitudinal quasi-experimental research design to investigate whether features of neoliberalism cause social harms, and if so, which features are more damaging. This will be executed by employing advanced quantitative methods and utilising secondary longitudinal data provided by Understanding Society, EQLS, Eurostat, ILO, OECD, World Bank, etc. This project will also collect primary data in the form of an experiment which will aim to determine whether neoliberalism causes social harms. This will be determined by using analysis of variance and presenting two groups of individuals with hypothetical but realistic scenarios, in which neoliberal features will be modified across two scenarios, whilst maintaining the remaining content constant. Lastly, this project will also investigate which demographic groups experience more social harms caused by neoliberalism. The purpose of this research is to promote a structural change - the identification of harmful features will inform policy on what features of neoliberalism should be designed out of our societies to minimise the occurrence of social harms. Moreover, this research project will inform policy on which demographic groups may require the most protection from the social harms created by neoliberalism.

近年来，人们对社会伤害的概念越来越不断增长，这是一种跨学科探究的形式，可以对资本主义社会的伤害进行准确，系统的分析。这种方法论镜头提供了社会伤害的复杂图片，使我们能够理解危害的相互关联性质，其社会形态以及其影响如何在一个人的生活过程中积累。这项工作的主要动机是记录自1970年代后期以自1970年代后期重塑的新自由重组造成的危害。对社会危害方法的关键 - 但很大程度上未经测试的主张是，新自由主义改革侵蚀了国家规范市场活动和削弱旨在保护人口免受社会经济危害的公共机构的能力 - 造成了更加有害的社会。到目前为止，这种分析在本质上仍然是理论和定性的，这些主张在本质上，这些主张在很大程度上是未来的。一些研究绘制了新自由主义改革的各个方面与社会危害的崛起之间的关联；然而，这些专注于有限数量的变量，并利用无法捕获这些现象之间因果关系的横截面设计。此外，即使存在一些更有限的实验研究，这些研究解决了新自由主义与可以定义为社会危害的因素之间的因果关系。因此，文献存在很大的差距，需要定量方法，能够衡量新自由主义和社会危害的多种特征之间的因果关系。首先，该研究项目将通过为社会伤害定义的运营和危害生产的Aetioologoly模型的发展做出重大贡献来解决这一差距。它将利用彭伯顿对社会伤害的三重定义：自主危害（无法过自己选择的生活；例如贫困，休闲时间不足），关系危害（无法维持与他人的积极关系；例如，社会隔离，错误认识），身体/精神健康危害（虚拟健康），例如，高血压，抑郁症，抑郁症，抑郁症。）。经验应用将允许进一​​步改进这些概念，这将为当前文献提供重要贡献。这项研究的因果模型将建立在现有的政治经济学文献中，该文献将新自由主义定义为对社会和经济关系的重新排序，以促进市场和竞争是组织社会的最有效手段。其次，该项目将采用多方法方法和纵向准实验研究设计，以研究新自由主义的特征是否会造成社会危害，如果是的，哪些特征更具破坏性。这将通过采用先进的定量方法并利用理解社会，EQLS，Eurostat，ILO，OECD，世界银行等提供的二次纵向数据。该项目还将以实验形式收集主要数据，以确定新自由主义是否造成社会危害。这将通过使用方差分析并介绍具有假设但现实的情景的两组人来确定这一点，其中新自由主义特征将在两种情况下进行修改，同时保持剩余的内容常数。最后，该项目还将调查哪些人口群体遭受新自由主义造成的更多社会危害。这项研究的目的是促进结构性变化 - 有害特征的识别将为政策提供有关新自由主义的特征应在我们的社会之外设计的，以最大程度地减少社会危害的发生。此外，该研究项目将为哪些人口群体可能需要最大的保护范围，以防止新自由主义造成的社会危害。