Mathematical Modelling of Exotic Liquid Crystalline Phases

奇异液晶相的数学模型

• 批准号: 2739112
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: The Open University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2739112
• 关键词: Mathematical; Modelling; Exotic; Liquid; Crystalline

Liquid crystals are an interesting state of matter with long-range orientational order but withoutpositional order. Consequently these materials can flow like liquids but at the same time, retain anelastic, solid-like response to deformations in their orientational order. The liquid crystal industryis expected to be worth more than 190 billions US dollars by 2023, and yet the technology behindit still relies largely on the nematic phase which was first studied by Leslie, Ericksen and deGennes et al. in the 1960's.The usual nematic phase in liquid crystals is formed by rod-shaped molecules. At hightemperature, the molecules' orientations are completely random [this is called the isotropic phase,see Fig. 1(a) left]. On the other hand at low temperature, the molecules tend to align along somespontaneously broken direction [this is called the nematic phase, see Fig. 1(a) right]. The followingyoutube video, by my student: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzS7-ddZAzQ demonstrates asimple isotropic-nematic phase transition using just a gas lighter and a laptop screen

液晶是一种有趣的物质状态，具有长程取向有序性，但没有位置有序性。因此，这些材料可以像液体一样流动，但同时保持对它们取向顺序中的变形的滞弹性、固体状响应。到2023年，液晶产业的价值预计将超过1900亿美元，但其背后的技术仍然主要依赖于由Leslie，Ericksen和deGennes等人在20世纪60年代首先研究的液晶相。液晶中通常的液晶相是由棒状分子形成的。在高温下，分子的取向是完全随机的[这被称为各向同性相，见图1（a）左]。另一方面，在低温下，分子倾向于沿沿着某个对称断裂方向排列[这被称为非对称相，见图1（a）右]。以下是我的学生制作的YouTube视频：https://www.youtube.com/watch? v= dzS 7-ddZAzQ演示了一个简单的各向同性-无向同性相变，仅使用气体打火机和笔记本电脑屏幕