A New Approach to the Production of Cultured Meat with Enhanced Texture

未来的粮食生产需要满足日益增长的粮食需求和不断变化的饮食，因为预计到2050年，人口将达到90亿。磷和氮等资源的使用已经超过了可持续的限度，农业对这些资源的需求很大。对地球系统增加粮食产量的进一步要求将无法得到支持。然而，目前的畜牧业生产系统是人为气候变化的主要贡献者，因此，利用现有系统大幅增加产量以满足日益增长的需求将是不可持续的。然而，畜产品是营养密集的，因此在没有合适的健康替代品的情况下，不能从饮食中剔除。因此，需要变革性和颠覆性的生产方式来可持续地增加粮食产量。养殖肉类作为生产对环境影响较小的畜产品的候选产品，正引起人们的极大兴趣。这个令人兴奋的项目是开发一种新的生物反应器方法来制备培养肉。这项技术使用生物反应器内的模板方法产生排列整齐的自我释放组织。这种方法具有特殊的潜力，可以生产具有增强结构和质地特性的培养肉组织生产的对准组织。这是一个合作项目，涉及雷丁大学、Aberystwyth大学和Case合作伙伴细胞农业，这是一家总部位于瓦利斯兰内利的英国小企业。这个尖端项目将研究由成肌细胞产生的自我释放组织中排列的细胞外基质的产生。这将在细胞培养板中的排列模板上使用两亲多肽涂层。多肽两亲性通过细胞表达的基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)刺激细胞黏附并促进组织的释放。该对准模板是微图案化的聚四氟乙烯衬底。这是通过一种受控的摩擦过程来制备的，该过程导致在衬底中产生微槽。这个模板是由细胞产生的细胞外基质的排列，包括胶原和其他细胞外基质蛋白。该项目涉及使用商业上可获得的小鼠成肌细胞系进行这项初步工作，然后将研究扩展到猪细胞系。在雷丁大学，你将培养细胞，并使用细胞外基质成分的组织化学分析，以及形态和特性研究以及肉类质地分析来检查产生的细胞外基质。Aberystwyth的项目工作将利用英国小公司细胞农业公司目前在Aberystwyth和Bath资助的关于成肌细胞来源和生物反应器设计的研究项目中的知识和专业知识，以测试排列的细胞外基质

Future food production needs to meet a growing demand for food and changing diets, as the human population is predicted to reach 9 billion by 2050. Use of resources such as phosphorous and nitrogen are already exceeded sustainable limits, with agriculture placing large requirements on these resources. Further demands on the earth systems to increase food production will not be able to be supported. However current livestock production systems are major contributors to anthropogenic climate change and so, significant increases in production to meet growing demands will be unsustainable using current systems. Yet livestock products are nutrient dense and so cannot be discounted from diets without a suitable, healthy replacement. Therefore, transformative and disruptive production methods are needed to sustainably increase food production. Cultured meat is attracting great interest as a candidate for production of livestock products with reduced environmental impacts. This exciting project is to develop a new bioreactor method to prepare cultured meat. This technology produces aligned self-releasing tissue using a templating approach within the bioreactor. The approach has exceptional potential to produce aligned tissue for cultured meat tissue production with enhanced structural and textural properties. This is a collaborative project involving the University of Reading, Aberystwyth University and CASE partner Cellular Agriculture, a UK Small enterprise based in Llanelli, Wales.This cutting-edge project will investigate the production of aligned extracellular matrix within self-releasing tissue produced from myoblasts. This will use peptide amphiphile coatings on aligned templates in cell culture plates. The peptide amphiphiles stimulate cell adhesion and facilitate release of tissue using cell-expressed matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). The alignment template is a micropatterned Teflon substrate. This is prepared by a controlled rubbing process which leads to the production of microgrooves in the substrates. This templates the alignment of extracellular matrix produced by cells including collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins. The project involves the use of commercially available mouse myoblast cell lines for this initial work before extending the research to porcine cell lines. You will culture cells and examine the extracellular matrix produced using histochemical assays of extracellular matrix components, along with morphology and property studies and meat texture analysis, at the University of Reading. The project work at Aberystwyth will utilise the knowledge and expertise within the UK small company Cellular Agriculture's currently funded research projects at Aberystwyth and Bath on myoblast muscle cell sources and bioreactor designs to test the aligned extracellular matrix