Microwave to Optical quantum transduction.

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Truly useful applications of superconducting quantum circuits requires networking of several computers together. In these systems the quantum information is transmitted via microwave frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves. Propagation of these signal frequencies through wires across large distances at room temperature is impractical due to the skin effect, dielectric losses from wire insulation and difficult impedance matching conditions. Optical fibres have been proposed as a high speed and low loss solution to networking many qubit systems [1], [2], including superconducting qubits [3]. A major roadblock for the implementation of this network is the need to convert between the GHz frequency band of microwave signals to the optical band in the THz region. There is, therefore, a need for unity efficiency microwave to optical transducers.