Models of Speech Perception by Cochlear Implant Users

人工耳蜗用户的语音感知模型

• 批准号: 7192091
• 负责人: Mario A Svirsky
• 金额: $ 3.8万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-15 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7192091
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cochlear implants; cues; electrodes; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; learning; longitudinal human study; mathematical model; model design /development; patient oriented research; phonology; psychological adaptation; psychological tests; speech recognition; training

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goals of this research project are to understand the mechanisms that underlie speech perception by cochlear implant (CI) users, the characteristics of auditory perceptual learning in adults, and the potential links between the two. The first specific aim of the proposed research is to develop mathematical models of phoneme and word identification for individual Cl users. We will refine and extend our models of speech perception by CI users, which are based on the users' discrimination along specified perceptual dimensions. These psychophysically-based models are explanatory:, they do not simply attempt to predict overall scores in speech perception tests, they also provide specific hypotheses about the mechanisms CI users employ to process the auditory signal to identify different speech sounds. The second specific aim of this proposal is to investigate auditory adaptation in postlingually deaf Cl users, who receive speech signals that are both spectrally degraded and shifted in frequency. We will measure the extent, time course, and possible limitations of the adaptation shown by CI users. In addition to its strong clinical interest, this specific aim is scientifically important because the CI population presents a unique opportunity to investigate adaptation to a modified frequency map, and may allow us to obtain new knowledge about central auditory system plasticity in adults. The mathematical models developed in Project I will provide one of the methods to estimate a CI user's adaptation to a mismatched frequency map. The third specific aim is to test a gradual training approach that may facilitate auditory adaptation in postlingually deaf Cl users. The gradual and standard approaches to frequency mapping in Crs will be compared using a prospective randomized double-blind trial. We will examine both CI users and normal hearing listeners; the latter will be studied while hearing an acoustic model of a CI and will participate in imaging sessions that will search for functional neurobiological correlates of the auditory learning process. If successful, this study would be an example of translational research where basic knowledge about perceptual learning and adaptation in CI users is used to design improved clinical procedures. The proposed research program spans the range from basic to clinical to applied. Insights gained from this program will advance our basic knowledge about speech perception and adaptation to changes in the peripheral frequency map, and may also result in potentially important clinical applications.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究项目的长期目标是了解人工耳蜗（CI）使用者语音感知的机制，成人听觉感知学习的特征以及两者之间的潜在联系。建议的研究的第一个具体目标是发展的音素和单词识别的数学模型为个人CI用户。我们将完善和扩展我们的模型的语音感知CI用户，这是基于用户的歧视沿着指定的感知维度。这些基于心理学的模型是解释性的：它们不简单地试图预测语音感知测试中的总体分数，它们还提供了关于CI用户用于处理听觉信号以识别不同语音的机制的具体假设。本建议的第二个具体目标是调查听觉适应语后聋CI用户，谁收到语音信号，都是频谱退化和频移。我们将测量CI用户所表现出的适应程度、时间进程和可能的局限性。除了其强烈的临床兴趣，这个特定的目标是科学上重要的，因为CI人口提供了一个独特的机会，调查适应修改后的频率图，并可能使我们获得新的知识，在成年人的中枢听觉系统可塑性。在项目I中开发的数学模型将提供一种方法来估计CI用户对失配频率图的适应。第三个具体的目的是测试一个渐进的训练方法，可以促进听觉适应语后聋CI用户。将使用一项前瞻性随机双盲试验比较Crs频率分布的渐进和标准方法。我们将研究CI用户和正常听力的听众;后者将在听到CI的声学模型时进行研究，并将参与成像会议，以寻找听觉学习过程的功能神经生物学相关性。如果成功的话，这项研究将是转化研究的一个例子，在CI用户的感知学习和适应的基本知识被用来设计改进的临床程序。拟议的研究计划涵盖从基础到临床应用的范围。从该计划中获得的见解将推进我们对语音感知和适应外周频率图变化的基本知识，也可能导致潜在的重要临床应用。