Adsorption of Gas Phase Contaminants

描述：呼吸防护是防止有害污染物的最后手段。然而，在他们的日常工作活动中， 依靠电冰箱来保护自己在气相污染物的情况下，使用含有吸附材料的滤筒来从呼吸区去除气体和蒸汽。纯颗粒活性炭或浸渍颗粒活性炭（GAC）是工作场所中可能存在的大量蒸汽和气体的净化器中使用的主要吸附剂。许多缺点，包括低容量、低选择性和需要昂贵且有时难以磨损的筒作为容纳物，使得GAC不是理想的吸附剂。 活性碳纤维（ACF）比GAC具有许多优点，包括更好的吸附能力和更快的动力学，但它们比GAC昂贵得多，并且尚未被认为是可行的替代品。 以廉价的玻璃纤维为基材的新型ACF系列的开发，使ACF更具竞争力。新型微孔复合材料纤维多孔材料（FPMs）在吸附多种化合物方面表现出优于GAC的吸附性能。然而，其在呼吸保护中的用途尚未被探索。本文提出的研究旨在研究FPM在呼吸保护中对气相污染物的使用相关的特性。 这项研究将通过调查更好地了解ACF吸附过程以及这些材料对呼吸保护的适用性： 1.在动态条件下，FPMs对多种气体、蒸汽和混合物的吸附特性， 2.相关吸附模型预测使用FPM的呼吸装置的吸附效率和使用寿命的适用性， 3.纤维取向和填充密度对使用FPMs的滤芯的压降和吸附效率的影响。

DESCRIPTION: Respiratory protection represents the last resort for protection against harmful contaminants. However, in their daily work activity a large number of workers rely on respirators for their protection. In the case of gas phase contaminants, cartridges containing adsorbing material are used to remove the gases and vapors from the breathing zone. Pure or impregnated Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) is the main adsorbent used in respirators for a large number of vapors and gases which may exist in the workplace. A number of drawbacks including low capacity, low selectivity and the requirement of expensive and sometime difficult to wear cartridges as containment, makes GAC a less than ideal adsorbent. Activated Carbon Fibers (ACF) present a number of advantages over GAC including better adsorption capacity and faster kinetics, but they are much more expensive than GAC and have not been considered a viable alternative. The development of a new ACF family using inexpensive glass fibers as a substrate for carbonized phenolic resin makes ACF more competitive. The new microporous composite materials, Fibrous Porous Materials (FPMs) have shown improved adsorption performance over GAC in the adsorption of a number of compounds. However their use in respiratory protection has not yet been explored. The research proposed here aims to investigate the properties of the FPMs relevant to their use in respiratory protection against gas phase contaminants. This research will bring a better understanding of the ACF adsorption process in general and the applicability of these materials for respiratory protection by investigating: 1. The adsorption characteristics of FPMs for a number of gases, vapors and mixtures under dynamic conditions, 2. The applicability of relevant adsorption models to predict the adsorption efficiency and service life of respiratory devices using FPMs, 3. The effect of fiber orientation and packing density on the pressure drop and adsorption efficiency of cartridges using FPMs.