Reinventing International Society: English School identitycrisis and the study of IR paradigms

本文是关于国际关系学科的主要理论范式之一的英国学派的历史。国际政治理论源远流长，其核心概念包括国际社会、团结主义和制度，为研究国际政治提供了一种独特的宏观方法。ESs还为我们这个时代的关键政策辩论做出了贡献。这些问题包括围绕不干预、自由国际秩序的衰落以及规范和制度的出现展开的辩论。然而，近几十年来，ES在哲学上分裂成了两个无法相称的派别--实证主义者和解释主义者。ES已经变得晦涩难懂，难以理解。我的论文试图提供从1990年到2020年的知识范式的详细历史，以加深我们对ES的理解。这个项目的驱动力是理解专家系统的“范例身份”。这就需要超越国际思想史上的传统调查手段。事实上，该项目位于国际关系的跨学科领域，涵盖了历史学和历史学、心理学、科学哲学和知识社会学。虽然这篇论文的目标是专门的IR受众，但每个人都感兴趣的是，跨所有学科的科学范式如何找到追随者，它们如何努力定义自己和构建身份。

This thesis is about the history of the English School (ES) -one of the main theoretical paradigms in the discipline ofInternational Relations (IR). The ES has a long history andthrough its key concepts, including international society,solidarism and institutions, it provides a distinctive macro-level approach to the study of international politics. The ESalso contributes to crucial policy debates of our time. Theseinclude debates around non-intervention, the decline of theliberal international order and the emergence of norms andinstitutions. However, in recent decades the ES has splitinto two philosophically incommensurable wings - thepositivists and the interpretivists. The ES has becomemurky and difficult to understand. My thesis seeks toprovide a detailed history of the intellectual paradigm from1990 to 2020 to improve our understanding of the ES. Thedriving force of this project is to make sense of the"paradigm identity" of the ES. This necessitates goingbeyond traditional means of investigation in the history ofinternational thought. Indeed, the project situates itself inthe interdisciplinary space of IR that embraces history andhistoriography, psychology, philosophy of science andsociology of knowledge. Although the thesis is intended fora specialised IR audience, it is of interest to everyonecurious about how scientific paradigms across alldisciplines find adherents, how they struggle to definethemselves and construct identities.