Smart Doorbell Surveillance: How can legitimate surveillance protect the right of citizens to privacy?

智能门铃监控：合法监控如何保护公民隐私权？

• 批准号: 2748512
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: De Montfort University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2748512
• 关键词: Smart; Doorbell; Surveillance; How; legitimate

SummaryThis research explores significant ethical and societal challenges associated with surveillance systems, particularly those that draw upon big data analytics and the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for surveillance purposes. It focuses on the potentialities of a surveillance-centred future that involves extensive data collection, processing it to discover patterns, and acting upon such patterns to control and manipulate people's behaviour.The main argument of this research is that legitimate surveillance may become societal control with implications for democratic principles and generate socioeconomic inequality in society.BackgroundThe deployment of smart video doorbells for surveillance purposes is becoming an increasingly widespread practice. The proliferation of these technologies raises privacy concerns, owing to the potential for these devices to establish a "sweeping surveillance nexus," making it impossible for people to move and speak freely around their neighbourhoods and communities without the fear of being tracked (Walsh, 2022).The capacity of smart doorbell technology to collect data on people's everyday interactions, as well as the inherent potential of processing personal data to personalise and profile individuals, both increase the likelihood of personal information being misused, whether unintentionally or deliberately. All of these unintended consequences are highly undesirable (Beckwith 2003).Research questionsThe central question that this project asks is: How can legitimate surveillance for the purposes of safety and security also protect the rights of citizens to privacy?Questions that are then consequently asked are:When does legitimate surveillance become societal control with implications for democratic principles?What impact will future surveillance technologies have on society and individuals?Aims and ObjectivesThe primary goal of this research is to: (1) identify critical factors of deploying smart video doorbells for surveillance purposes; and (2) explore the potential for smart doorbells to define us, undermine our privacy, and demarcate our freedom as a way to inform policy-makers, decision-makers, stakeholders, and the industry of the dangers of these possibilities.The objectives include constructing and analysing a set of forecasting scenarios that depict a variety of possible futures, irrespective of how desirable they might be, and highlighting the risks to privacy and security posed by smart doorbell surveillance technology.MethodologyDue to the fact that "privacy and ethics are person-dependent, culture-dependent, and situation-dependent" (Wright et al., 2005, p. 122), addressing the privacy concerns raised by smart doorbells requires a multi-disciplinary strategy. Therefore, the research adopts the SWAMI ("Safeguards in a World of Ambient Intelligence") scenario methodology (Wright et al., 2008).The process of developing scenario stories includes literature review, expert and internal workshops, "technology and reality check" of the smart doorbell technology. The SWAMI interdisciplinary approach incorporates aspects of a variety of fields, such as computer science, law, and ethics. This framework has the objective of addressing and mitigating potential ethical and technological risks by offering a mechanism to inform policy-makers, project managers, planners, and other stakeholders, including those in the industry sector, of the possibilities and dangers outlined in the scenarios.

这项研究探讨了与监控系统相关的重大道德和社会挑战，特别是那些利用大数据分析和人工智能（AI）应用于监控目的的系统。它侧重于以监控为中心的未来的潜力，涉及广泛的数据收集，处理它以发现模式，并根据这些模式来控制和操纵人们的行为。这项研究的主要论点是，合法的监控可能会成为社会控制，对民主原则产生影响，并在社会中产生社会经济不平等。正在成为一种越来越普遍的做法。这些技术的扩散引发了人们对隐私的担忧，因为这些设备可能会建立一个“全面的监控网络”，使人们无法在不担心被跟踪的情况下在其社区和社区自由移动和说话（沃尔什，2022年）。智能门铃技术收集人们日常互动数据的能力，以及处理个人数据以个性化和描述个人的固有潜力，都增加了个人信息被无意或故意滥用的可能性。所有这些意想不到的后果都是非常不受欢迎的（Beckwith 2003）。研究问题本项目提出的核心问题是：出于安全和安保目的的合法监视如何保护公民的隐私权？因此提出的问题是：合法的监视何时成为对民主原则产生影响的社会控制？未来的监控技术将对社会和个人产生什么影响？目的与目的本研究的主要目的为：（1）找出应用智慧型视讯门铃于监控目的的关键因素;（2）探索智能门铃定义我们的潜力，破坏我们的隐私，并划分我们的自由，作为告知政策制定者，决策者，利益相关者，以及这些可能性的危险性的行业。目标包括构建和分析一组预测情景，这些情景描绘了各种可能的未来，无论它们有多理想，并强调了智能门铃监控技术对隐私和安全造成的风险。方法由于“隐私和道德是依赖于人、文化和情况的”（Wright等人，2005，第122页），解决智能门铃引起的隐私问题需要多学科策略。因此，研究采用SWAMI（“环境智能世界中的保障措施”）情景方法（Wright et al.，2008).开发情景故事的过程包括文献综述、专家和内部研讨会、智能门铃技术的“技术和现实检查”。SWAMI跨学科方法结合了各个领域的各个方面，如计算机科学，法律和伦理学。该框架的目标是通过提供一种机制，向政策制定者、项目管理者、规划者和其他利益攸关方（包括工业部门的利益攸关方）通报情景中概述的可能性和危险，从而解决和减轻潜在的道德和技术风险。