A Pilot Study of School-Based HIV Intervention in China

描述(申请人提供)：通过共用针头感染艾滋病毒，这是中国的主要传播途径，在农村地区迅速增长。尽管人们普遍认识到这一问题的严重性，但在实施针对毒品相关危险行为的成功的理论驱动的干预计划方面，仍有一个关键差距。因此，我们建议在中国农村地区开展一项试点研究，在那里共用针头是艾滋病毒的主要传播途径，并以保护动机理论为指导开展与毒品有关的艾滋病毒干预项目。我们的长期目标是制定一个可持续的艾滋病毒预防计划，旨在降低中国农村地区学生及其家长与毒品有关的艾滋病毒风险。这项建议的目标是在艾滋病毒流行的农村地区的7年级和8年级学生中发展一项以学校为基础、家长参与的毒品预防干预计划，这是实现我们长期目标的第一步。我们希望通过追求一个特定的目标来实现这一应用的目标：开发一种文化上合适的、以PMT为基础的计划，目标是在农村早期青少年中开始使用药物。课程的开发将通过(1)结合学生、家长、教师和乡村医生的定性和定量研究；(2)调整我们研究团队使用的现有艾滋病毒预防课程，以及(3)通过听取当地中国专家、学校教师和乡村医生的意见来进一步修改课程。将选择集水区注射毒品流行率较高的5所农村中学。重点小组将在2所学校的16名学生和10名教师以及5名乡村医生中进行。将对16名学生的家长进行深入访谈。两项横断面研究将在另外3所学校的420名7年级和8年级学生中进行，并在随机选择的210名家长中进行。新开发的课程将由3名当地中文专家、5名学校教师和3名乡村医生进一步评估。这项研究探讨了中国农村青少年吸毒和感染艾滋病病毒的重大公共卫生问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): HIV infection through needle-sharing, the dominant transmission route in China, is growing rapidly in rural areas. In spite of the widely acknowledged magnitude of this problem, there is still a critical gap in the implementation of successful theory-driven intervention programs targeting drug-related risk behaviors. We, therefore, propose a pilot study in which a drug-related HIV intervention program driven by Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) will be developed in a rural area in China, where sharing needles is the dominant HIV transmission route. Our long-range goal is to develop a sustainable HIV prevention program targeting the reduction of drug-related HIV risks among students and their parents in rural China. The objective of this proposal, which is the first step toward attaining our long-range goal, is to develop a school-based, parental- involvement drug-prevention intervention program among 7th and 8th grade students in an HIV endemic rural area. We expect to achieve the objective of this application by pursuing a specific aim: to develop a culturally appropriate and PMT-based program targeting initiation of drug use among rural early adolescents. The development of the curriculum will be performed by (1) combining qualitative and quantitative studies among students, parents, teachers, and village doctors; (2) adapting of an existing HIV prevention curriculum used by our research team, and (3) further modifying the curriculum by input from local Chinese experts, school teachers and village doctors. Five rural middle schools with a high level of prevalence of injection drug users in their catchment areas will be selected. Focus groups will be performed among 16 students and 10 teachers in 2 schools, and among 5 village doctors. In-depth interviews will be conducted among the 16 students' parents. Two cross-sectional studies will be conducted among 420 7th and 8th grade students in another 3 schools and among randomly-selected 210 parents. The newly-developed curriculum will be further assessed by 3 local Chinese experts, 5 school teachers and 3 village doctors. This study addresses significant public health issues related to drug use and HIV infection among youths in rural China.