A Pilot Study of School-Based HIV Intervention in China

描述（申请人提供）：通过共用针头感染艾滋病病毒是中国主要的传播途径，在农村地区迅速增长。尽管这个问题的严重性得到了广泛的承认，但在实施成功的理论驱动的针对药物相关风险行为的干预计划方面，仍然存在一个关键的差距。因此，我们提出了一项试点研究，在中国农村地区开发一项由保护动机理论（PMT）驱动的与药物相关的艾滋病毒干预计划，在那里共用针头是主要的艾滋病毒传播途径。我们的长期目标是发展一个可持续的艾滋病预防项目，旨在降低中国农村学生及其家长与毒品有关的艾滋病风险。该提案的目的是在艾滋病毒流行的农村地区，在七年级和八年级学生中建立一个以学校为基础、家长参与的毒品预防干预计划，这是实现我们长期目标的第一步。我们希望通过追求一个具体目标来实现这一申请的目标：制定一个文化上适当的、基于pmt的计划，以农村早期青少年开始吸毒为目标。课程的开发将通过(1)结合学生、家长、教师和乡村医生的定性和定量研究来进行；(2)采用我们研究团队现有的艾滋病预防课程；(3)根据中国当地专家、学校教师和乡村医生的意见进一步修改课程。将选择五所在其集水区注射吸毒者流行率较高的农村中学。将对两所学校的16名学生和10名教师以及5名乡村医生进行焦点小组调查。将对16名学生的家长进行深度访谈。两项横断面研究将在另外3所学校的420名七年级和八年级学生以及随机选择的210名家长中进行。新制定的课程将由3名当地中国专家、5名学校教师和3名乡村医生进行进一步评估。本研究探讨了与中国农村青少年吸毒和艾滋病毒感染相关的重大公共卫生问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): HIV infection through needle-sharing, the dominant transmission route in China, is growing rapidly in rural areas. In spite of the widely acknowledged magnitude of this problem, there is still a critical gap in the implementation of successful theory-driven intervention programs targeting drug-related risk behaviors. We, therefore, propose a pilot study in which a drug-related HIV intervention program driven by Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) will be developed in a rural area in China, where sharing needles is the dominant HIV transmission route. Our long-range goal is to develop a sustainable HIV prevention program targeting the reduction of drug-related HIV risks among students and their parents in rural China. The objective of this proposal, which is the first step toward attaining our long-range goal, is to develop a school-based, parental- involvement drug-prevention intervention program among 7th and 8th grade students in an HIV endemic rural area. We expect to achieve the objective of this application by pursuing a specific aim: to develop a culturally appropriate and PMT-based program targeting initiation of drug use among rural early adolescents. The development of the curriculum will be performed by (1) combining qualitative and quantitative studies among students, parents, teachers, and village doctors; (2) adapting of an existing HIV prevention curriculum used by our research team, and (3) further modifying the curriculum by input from local Chinese experts, school teachers and village doctors. Five rural middle schools with a high level of prevalence of injection drug users in their catchment areas will be selected. Focus groups will be performed among 16 students and 10 teachers in 2 schools, and among 5 village doctors. In-depth interviews will be conducted among the 16 students' parents. Two cross-sectional studies will be conducted among 420 7th and 8th grade students in another 3 schools and among randomly-selected 210 parents. The newly-developed curriculum will be further assessed by 3 local Chinese experts, 5 school teachers and 3 village doctors. This study addresses significant public health issues related to drug use and HIV infection among youths in rural China.