A Pilot Study of School-Based HIV Intervention in China

描述（由申请人提供）：通过共用针头感染艾滋病毒是中国的主要传播途径，在农村地区迅速增长。尽管这一问题的严重性得到广泛承认，但在实施成功的理论驱动的针对与毒品有关的危险行为的干预方案方面仍存在重大差距。因此，我们建议在中国农村地区开展一项试点研究，在该研究中，将在保护动机理论（PMT）的驱动下开展药物相关的艾滋病干预计划，其中共用针头是艾滋病传播的主要途径。我们的长期目标是制定一个可持续的艾滋病预防计划，旨在减少中国农村地区学生及其家长中与毒品有关的艾滋病风险。这一建议是实现我们长期目标的第一步，其目的是在艾滋病毒流行的农村地区的七、八年级学生中制定一个以学校为基础、家长参与的毒品预防干预方案。我们希望通过追求一个具体目标来实现这一应用的目标：制定一个文化上适当的和基于PMT的计划，目标是在农村青少年中开始使用毒品。课程的开发将通过以下方式进行：（1）结合学生、家长、教师和乡村医生的定性和定量研究;（2）调整我们研究小组使用的现有艾滋病预防课程;（3）根据当地中国专家、学校教师和乡村医生的意见进一步修改课程。将选择5所所在集水区注射吸毒者流行程度较高的农村中学。将对2所学校的16名学生和10名教师以及5名乡村医生进行焦点小组调查。将对16名学生的家长进行深入访谈。研究对象为另外三所学校的420名七、八年级学生及随机抽取的210名家长。3名当地汉语专家、5名学校教师和3名乡村医生将对新开发的课程进行进一步评估。本研究旨在解决中国农村地区青少年吸毒和HIV感染相关的重大公共卫生问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): HIV infection through needle-sharing, the dominant transmission route in China, is growing rapidly in rural areas. In spite of the widely acknowledged magnitude of this problem, there is still a critical gap in the implementation of successful theory-driven intervention programs targeting drug-related risk behaviors. We, therefore, propose a pilot study in which a drug-related HIV intervention program driven by Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) will be developed in a rural area in China, where sharing needles is the dominant HIV transmission route. Our long-range goal is to develop a sustainable HIV prevention program targeting the reduction of drug-related HIV risks among students and their parents in rural China. The objective of this proposal, which is the first step toward attaining our long-range goal, is to develop a school-based, parental- involvement drug-prevention intervention program among 7th and 8th grade students in an HIV endemic rural area. We expect to achieve the objective of this application by pursuing a specific aim: to develop a culturally appropriate and PMT-based program targeting initiation of drug use among rural early adolescents. The development of the curriculum will be performed by (1) combining qualitative and quantitative studies among students, parents, teachers, and village doctors; (2) adapting of an existing HIV prevention curriculum used by our research team, and (3) further modifying the curriculum by input from local Chinese experts, school teachers and village doctors. Five rural middle schools with a high level of prevalence of injection drug users in their catchment areas will be selected. Focus groups will be performed among 16 students and 10 teachers in 2 schools, and among 5 village doctors. In-depth interviews will be conducted among the 16 students' parents. Two cross-sectional studies will be conducted among 420 7th and 8th grade students in another 3 schools and among randomly-selected 210 parents. The newly-developed curriculum will be further assessed by 3 local Chinese experts, 5 school teachers and 3 village doctors. This study addresses significant public health issues related to drug use and HIV infection among youths in rural China.