Understanding memory for pictures in Alzheimer's diease

描述(由申请人提供)：阿尔茨海默病(AD)的记忆研究通常集中在基于单词或语言的刺激上。然而，图片可能具有更多的临床和生态重要性，因为患者通常面临视觉刺激，如人物、地标和药物。研究表明，照片可以帮助健康的老年人改善辨别力，减少错误记忆，并转向更保守的反应偏见。反应偏差是指一个人在认知记忆测试中对“旧的”或“新的”反应的倾向。AD患者表现出异常高的错误记忆和自由反应偏向。初步研究表明，阿尔茨海默病患者也可能能够利用图片提供的独特信息来改善他们的辨别力，减少他们的错误记忆数量。目前的应用将使用实验心理学和认知神经科学的技术来检查图片对AD患者记忆表现的影响。两个行为实验和两个事件相关电位(ERP)实验被用来评估三个特定的目标。目标1将在学习和测试中系统地改变图片和单词，比较图片和单词对图片和单词的分辨和反应偏差。目的2将使用内侧颞叶和额叶功能的标准神经心理学测量来评估可能有助于图片对阿尔茨海默病辨别和反应偏差的影响的神经解剖区域。最后，《目标3》将使用灰度与彩色图片和一定程度的加工操作来评估两种假设，即图片可能如何影响AD患者的记忆过程。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Memory research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has typically focused on word-based or verbal stimuli. However, pictures may have more clinical and ecological importance, as patients are commonly faced with visual stimuli, such as people, landmarks, and medications. Research has shown that pictures can help healthy older adults improve discrimination, reduce false memories, and shift to a more conservative response bias. Response bias is one's tendency to respond "old" or "new" on a recognition memory test. AD patients exhibit an abnormally high rate of false memories and a liberal response bias. Preliminary studies suggest that AD patients may also be able to use the distinctive information provided by pictures to improve their discrimination and reduce their number of false memories. The current application will use techniques of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience to examine the effect of pictures on memory performance in AD patients. Two behavioral and two event-related potential (ERP) experiments are proposed to evaluate three specific aims. Aim 1 will compare discrimination and response bias for pictures versus words in a single experiment systematically varying pictures and words at study and test. Aim 2 will use standard neuropsychological measures of medial temporal lobe and frontal lobe function to evaluate neuroanatomical regions that may contribute to the effect of pictures on discrimination and response bias in AD. Finally, Aim 3 will use grayscale versus color pictures and a level of processing manipulation to evaluate two hypotheses regarding how pictures might affect memory processes in AD.