Time of Day & Aging in Implicit/Explicit Learning

一天中的时间

• 批准号: 7105631
• 负责人: Sunbin S Song
• 金额: $ 2.79万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-13 至 2008-07-12
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7105631
• 关键词: age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; circadian rhythms; clinical research; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; learning; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; predoctoral investigator; psychological aspect of aging; short term memory; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): On tasks of explicit memory and inhibitory function, older adults have consistently been shown to perform better in the morning, while young are better in the afternoon. In the proposed set of experiments, we test the hypothesis that aging and time of day affect implicit learning of sequential regularity with elderly learning better at peak morning times. The first experiment tests both young and old on an alternating serial reaction time task (ASRT) at morning and afternoon times of day. The second experiment uses a novel variation of the ASRT to test the hypothesis that explicit sequence learning also varies with time of day. For both types of learning, time-of-day effects will be linked to frontal lobe functioning and working memory capacity as an underlying mechanism. This project has health relevance in that older people often have to learn and relearn skills that involve both implicit and explicit learning (e.g., using computers, recovering after stroke), and so it is important to determine how learning can be maximized by choosing appropriate learning conditions, such as time of day. This project also has implications for aging research in that age impairments seen across tasks may be exaggerated or minimized by testing at different times of day.

描述（由申请人提供）：在外显记忆和抑制功能任务中，老年人一直被证明在早上表现更好，而年轻人在下午表现更好。 在提议的一组实验中，我们检验了这样的假设：衰老和一天中的时间会影响顺序规律的内隐学习，而老年人在早上高峰时间的学习效果更好。第一个实验在一天的早上和下午的时间测试年轻人和老年人的交替串行反应时间任务（ASRT）。第二个实验使用 ASRT 的一种新颖变体来测试显式序列学习也随一天中的时间而变化的假设。对于这两种类型的学习，一天中的时间效应将与作为潜在机制的额叶功能和工作记忆能力相关联。该项目与健康相关，因为老年人经常需要学习和重新学习涉及内隐和外显学习的技能（例如，使用计算机、中风后恢复），因此确定如何通过选择适当的学习来最大化学习非常重要 条件，例如一天中的时间。该项目对衰老研究也有影响，因为通过在一天中不同时间进行测试，不同任务中出现的年龄损伤可能会被夸大或最小化。