Time of Day & Aging in Implicit/Explicit Learning

一天中的时间

• 批准号: 6998668
• 负责人: Sunbin S Song
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-13 至 2008-07-12
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6998668
• 关键词: age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; circadian rhythms; clinical research; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; learning; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; predoctoral investigator; psychological aspect of aging; short term memory; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): On tasks of explicit memory and inhibitory function, older adults have consistently been shown to perform better in the morning, while young are better in the afternoon. In the proposed set of experiments, we test the hypothesis that aging and time of day affect implicit learning of sequential regularity with elderly learning better at peak morning times. The first experiment tests both young and old on an alternating serial reaction time task (ASRT) at morning and afternoon times of day. The second experiment uses a novel variation of the ASRT to test the hypothesis that explicit sequence learning also varies with time of day. For both types of learning, time-of-day effects will be linked to frontal lobe functioning and working memory capacity as an underlying mechanism. This project has health relevance in that older people often have to learn and relearn skills that involve both implicit and explicit learning (e.g., using computers, recovering after stroke), and so it is important to determine how learning can be maximized by choosing appropriate learning conditions, such as time of day. This project also has implications for aging research in that age impairments seen across tasks may be exaggerated or minimized by testing at different times of day.

描述（由申请人提供）：在明确记忆和抑制功能的任务上，老年人始终显示出早晨表现更好，而下午的年轻人则更好。 在拟议的一组实验中，我们检验了以下假设：衰老和一天中的时间会影响序列规律性的隐式学习，而在早晨的高峰时段，老年人学习更好。第一个实验在一天的早晨和下午的时间对年轻人和老年人进行了交替的串行反应时间任务（ASRT）测试。第二个实验使用ASRT的新变化来检验以下假设，即显式序列学习也随着一天的时间而变化。对于这两种类型的学习，一天的时间效果将与额叶的功能和工作记忆能力相关，作为基本机制。该项目具有健康相关性，因为老年人经常必须学习和重新学习涉及隐式学习和显式学习的技能（例如，使用计算机，中风后恢复），因此，重要的是通过选择适当的学习来确定如何最大程度地提高学习。 条件，例如一天中的时间。该项目还对跨任务的年龄障碍的老龄化研究具有影响，可以通过在一天中的不同时间进行测试来夸大或最小化。