Time of Day & Aging in Implicit/Explicit Learning

一天中的时间

• 批准号: 6998668
• 负责人: Sunbin S Song
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-13 至 2008-07-12
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6998668
• 关键词: age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; circadian rhythms; clinical research; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; learning; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; predoctoral investigator; psychological aspect of aging; short term memory; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): On tasks of explicit memory and inhibitory function, older adults have consistently been shown to perform better in the morning, while young are better in the afternoon. In the proposed set of experiments, we test the hypothesis that aging and time of day affect implicit learning of sequential regularity with elderly learning better at peak morning times. The first experiment tests both young and old on an alternating serial reaction time task (ASRT) at morning and afternoon times of day. The second experiment uses a novel variation of the ASRT to test the hypothesis that explicit sequence learning also varies with time of day. For both types of learning, time-of-day effects will be linked to frontal lobe functioning and working memory capacity as an underlying mechanism. This project has health relevance in that older people often have to learn and relearn skills that involve both implicit and explicit learning (e.g., using computers, recovering after stroke), and so it is important to determine how learning can be maximized by choosing appropriate learning conditions, such as time of day. This project also has implications for aging research in that age impairments seen across tasks may be exaggerated or minimized by testing at different times of day.

描述（由申请人提供）：关于外显记忆和抑制功能的任务，老年人一直被证明在早上表现更好，而年轻人在下午表现更好。 在拟议的一组实验中，我们测试的假设，年龄和时间的一天影响内隐学习的顺序规律与老年人学习更好地在上午的高峰时间。第一个实验测试年轻人和老年人在一天的上午和下午进行交替序列反应时间任务（ASRT）。第二个实验使用了ASRT的一个新的变化来验证外显序列学习也随时间变化的假设。对于这两种类型的学习，时间效应将与额叶功能和工作记忆容量联系起来，作为一种潜在的机制。这个项目与健康有关，因为老年人往往必须学习和重新学习涉及内隐和外显学习的技能（例如，使用计算机，中风后恢复），因此重要的是确定如何通过选择适当的学习来最大化学习 条件，如一天的时间。该项目也对衰老研究产生了影响，因为在一天中的不同时间进行测试，可能会夸大或最小化在不同任务中看到的年龄损伤。