Energy demand response business models for low to middle income households in India

本研究旨在解决以下问题：1。现有的商业模式和能源效率政策/法规在多大程度上包括为中低收入家庭创造价值，以及在印度不同的邦分配公用事业？现有商业模式、政策和监管行动背后的动机和价值主张是什么，以促进印度不同邦的住宅能源使用效率？3. 商业模式的哪些关键特征为中低收入家庭和配电设施的高效能源利用创造了复杂的价值？4. 什么样的刺激政策能有效地支持和维持这种商业模式？该研究将使用印度的三个案例研究邦：卡纳塔克邦、德里和北方邦。虽然卡纳塔克邦在引入能效政策/法规方面一直走在前列，但北方邦已经退居次要地位（能源效率局和2021年节能经济联盟）。另一方面，德里则处于中间位置。卡纳塔克邦和北方邦都有公共部门的配电设施，而德里的配电设施由私营部门管理。这种对各州的选择将有助于理解公用事业的所有权是否在推动能效措施方面发挥了重要作用。研究问题将使用定性方法进行研究。这将涉及以下步骤：绘制排除/包容在为中低收入家庭和分配公用事业创造价值方面的程度2。理解现有商业模式、政策和监管行动背后的动机和价值主张。确定商业模式的关键特征，为中低收入家庭和配电公司高效利用能源创造复杂价值。探索刺激政策，支持和维持这种商业模式

The research aims to address the following questions: 1. To what extent have the existing business models and policies/ regulations for energy efficiency been inclusive of creating value for low to middle-income households and also distribution utilities in different Indian states?2. What are the motivations and value proposition behind existing business models and policy and regulatory action to promote efficiency in residential energy use in different Indian states? 3. What key characteristics of business models create complex value for efficient energy use for low to middle-income households and distribution utilities? 4. What stimulus policies would be effective in supporting and sustaining such business models ?The research will use three case study states in India: Karnataka, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh (UP). While Karnataka has been a front runner on introducing energy efficiency policies/ regulations, Uttar Pradesh has taken a back seat (Bureau of Energy Efficiency and Alliance for an Energy-Efficient Economy 2021). Delhi on the other hand, stands somewhere in the middle. Both Karnataka and UP have public sector distribution utilities, whereas private sector utilities manage the distribution sector in Delhi. This selection of states would facilitate understanding whether the ownership of utilities has a strong role in driving energy efficiency measures. The research questions will be studied using qualitative methods. These will involve the following steps: 1. Mapping the extent of exclusion/inclusion in creating value for low to middle income households and distribution utilities2. Understanding the motivations and value proposition behind existing business models, and policy and regulatory action 3. Identifying key characteristics of a business model to create complex value for efficient energy use for low to middle income households and distribution utilities4. Exploring the stimulus policies to support and sustain such business models