Battery energy storage sizing for demand response support in smart distribution systems

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Legacy electric power distribution system is characterized by unidirectional power flow from centralized generation to end use consumers. With the growing interest in renewable energy sources and in particular rooftop solar photovoltaic in the residential sector, bi-directional power flow emerges which become one of the main characteristics of active electric power distribution system. However, due to the intermittency associated with rooftop solar photovoltaic, electric energy storage integration has gained much attention to address such intermittency and hence providing various services such as peak shaving, valley filling, load shifting which are very beneficial to electric utilities. On the other hand, the integration of battery energy storage in residential homes would allow more residential customers to participate in demand response programs offered in Ontario, hence reducing their energy bill by taking full advantage of the incentives offered by the energy programs in the province of Ontario. To date, e-Camion base their design of battery storage sizing on community level to supply a complete residential subdivision. Since the cost of battery energy storage represents the main limiting factor, this proposed research project aims to investigate the optimal size of battery energy storage to be placed inside the residential homes so to benefit both electric utilities and residential consumers as potential demand response (DR) providers. The outcome of this project will help e-Camion to efficiently use the limited capital by determining the optimal size of battery energy storage to be installed in residential homes, increase the capability of residential homes to provide services to the power system by allowing more customers to participate in the energy programs offered in Ontario and hence benefiting from the incentives which will result in reducing the carbon footprint of the province of Ontario.