Meeting the increasing UK demand for seafood sustainably and equitably: integrated shrimp-mangrove aquaculture as a solution to promote environmental

可持续和公平地满足英国对海鲜日益增长的需求：虾-红树林综合水产养殖作为促进环境的解决方案

• 批准号: 2759060
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Royal Veterinary College
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2759060
• 关键词: Meeting; increasing; UK; demand; seafood

Aquaculture is a large field, with many species of fish and crustaceans being consumed in the UK.Five billion prawns and other decapod crustaceans imported into the UK annually (CrustaceanCompassion, 2023) and 400 billion shrimp are farmed in total globally each year (Shrimp WelfareProject, 2023). Consequently, this project focuses on shrimp farming and its relationship withenvironmental degradation in India. There is little scholarship on this field; most of research isbeing conducted by NGOs and would benefit from greater academic input. However, despite thelack of attention on the welfare of shrimp and other invertebrates, decapod crustaceans are nowlegally recognised as sentient by the UK Government through the Animal Welfare (Sentience) Act2022 after recommendations from Birch et al. (2021). Therefore, the government now has anobligation to ensure that that the 40,000 tonnes of shrimp consumed in the UK each year by retailshoppers alone (Pegg, 2019) are sourced from farms with acceptable welfare standards. Indeed,shrimp are such a large part of the UK diet that they comprise around a fifth of the total value ofseafood imports into the UK (Pegg, 2019). Given that welfare in shrimp is not yet fully understood,scholars currently closely conflate environmental conditions and welfare in shrimp farms (Lewit-Mendes, Saugh & Boddy, 2022). Mangroves are commonly cleared to make way for shrimp farms,however, they are vital in creating a sustainable and liveable ecosystem for the shrimp, and thereare increasing calls for integrated shrimp-mangrove aquaculture, or silvofisheries, to allow forfood production whilst also largely maintaining ecosystem function (McSherry et al., 2023;Ahmed, Thompson & Glaser, 2018). The lack of knowledge on crustacean welfare means it isimperative to not only maintain but also improve mangrove ecosystems and prepare them for thechanges that climate change will bring. Further scholarship on producers and the relationshipbetween their livelihoods and mangroves is also warranted.

水产养殖是一个广阔的领域，英国消费多种鱼类和甲壳类动物。英国每年进口 50 亿只虾和其他十足类甲壳类动物（CrustaceanCompassion，2023 年），全球每年养殖总共 4000 亿只虾（Shrimp WelfareProject，2023 年）。因此，该项目的重点是虾类养殖及其与印度环境退化的关系。这个领域的学术研究很少。大多数研究是由非政府组织进行的，更多的学术投入将受益。然而，尽管对虾和其他无脊椎动物的福利缺乏关注，但根据 Birch 等人的建议，英国政府现在通过《2022 年动物福利（感知）法案》在法律上承认十足目甲壳类动物具有感知能力。 （2021）。因此，政府现在有义务确保英国每年仅零售消费者消耗的 40,000 吨虾（Pegg，2019）来自具有可接受福利标准的农场。事实上，虾是英国饮食的重要组成部分，约占英国海鲜进口总价值的五分之一（Pegg，2019）。鉴于对虾的福利尚未完全了解，学者们目前将虾养殖场的环境条件和福利紧密地混为一谈（Lewit-Mendes、Saugh & Boddy，2022）。红树林通常会被砍伐，为养虾场让路，然而，红树林对于为虾创造可持续和宜居的生态系统至关重要，并且越来越多的人呼吁将虾与红树林综合养殖或森林渔业，以实现粮食生产，同时在很大程度上维持生态系统功能（McSherry 等人，2023 年；Ahmed、Thompson 和 Glaser，2018 年）。由于缺乏对甲壳类动物福利的了解，这意味着不仅要维持而且要改善红树林生态系统，并为它们应对气候变化带来的变化做好准备。还需要对生产者及其生计与红树林之间的关系进行进一步的研究。