Toxic Atmospheres in English thought, 1300 to 1600

1300年至1600年英国思想中的有毒气氛

• 批准号: 2765589
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2765589
• 关键词: Toxic; Atmospheres; English; thought; 1300

This project will investigate the perceptions of environmental and medical toxicity in the atmosphere in England between 1300 and 1600. This period saw the development of a mode of thinking which identified dangerous airs and vapours in locations that we now consider beneficial to health, such as forests and lakes. Current scholarship on the historical atmosphere has focused on the effects of industrialization and urbanization, as well as the role of atmospheric chemistry in the development of empirical science. This project intervenes to provide a new perspective on discussions of air and the atmosphere in popular and learned culture in the early modern period. To do this, it engages medieval natural philosophical and medical texts as key contexts for understanding the practical steps taken by different communities to mitigate the effects of 'bad air', as recorded in administrative and legal documents. This intervention provides a new intellectual genealogy and practice-based history of contemporary concerns over the air, both as the site of environmental pollution and as a medium for air-borne diseases and other medical threats. It shows that complex environmental concerns existed before the issues that are usually identified as eliciting a premodern 'environmentalist' response, such as deforestation and industrialization.

该项目将调查1300年至1600年期间英国大气中环境和医疗毒性的认知。在此期间，人们发展了一种思维模式，在我们现在认为对健康有益的地方，如森林和湖泊，识别危险的空气和蒸气。目前关于历史氛围的学术主要集中在工业化和城市化的影响，以及大气化学在经验科学发展中的作用。这个项目的介入是为了提供一个新的视角来讨论早期现代流行和学术文化中的空气和氛围。为此，它使用中世纪的自然哲学和医学文献作为关键背景，以了解不同社区为减轻行政和法律文件中记录的“恶劣空气”的影响而采取的实际步骤。这一干预措施提供了一种新的知识谱系和基于实践的历史，记录了当代对空气的关切，既是环境污染的场所，也是空气传播疾病和其他医疗威胁的媒介。它表明，复杂的环境问题在森林砍伐和工业化等通常被认为会引发前现代“环保主义”反应的问题之前就已经存在。