Affective & Neurobiological Predictors of Adolescent-Onset Alcohol Use Disorders

情感

• 批准号: 7391390
• 负责人: DOUGLAS E WILLIAMSON
• 金额: $ 51.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7391390
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; child mental disorders; child psychology; clinical depression; clinical research; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder onset; disease /disorder proneness /risk; emotions; family genetics; gender difference; gene environment interaction; genetic polymorphism; human puberty; human subject; mental health epidemiology; neuroanatomy; neurobiology; neurogenetics; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite decades of research linking depression and alcohol use disorders (AUD), our understanding of their shared etiologies remains understudied, especially the importance of their emergence during adolescence, a period of increased susceptibility for AUD. This application describes a study of affective and neurobiological risk factors for the onset of AUD during adolescence. The aims of the study are to: 1) Identify the main effects and interactions among premorbid affective, neurobiological, genetic, and environmental factors as they relate to the risk to develop AUD; 2) Determine which combinations of these factors predict the eventual development of AUD during adolescence; and 3) Examine the consequences of AUD on adolescent brain development. The design is aimed at disentangling how these risk factors are involved in the development of AUD moderated by preexisting risk for depression. This will be accomplished by selecting two samples of adolescents, aged 12 to 14 years at the time of initial assessment, who have either high or low familial loading for depression and following them annually over a three year period into late adolescence. Measures will include: the assessment of mood and negative affect; functional imaging of neural circuitry subserving affective behaviors; genetic polymorphisms involved in serotonin neurotransmission; exposure to acute/chronic stressors; and dimensional assessments of alcohol use as well as disorders. The short-term goals of this work are to understand the etiologic links between depression and AUD and ultimately their emergence during adolescence. The long-term goals are to identify pathways and mechanisms involved in the development of AUD in ways that will inform early intervention and prevention strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）： 尽管有数十年的研究将抑郁症和酒精使用障碍联系起来（AUD），但我们对他们共同的病因的理解仍在研究中，尤其是他们在青春期出现的重要性，这是AUD易感性增加的时期。该应用描述了青春期发作的情感和神经生物学风险因素的研究。该研究的目的是：1）确定在与发展AUD的风险相关的情况下，病前情感，神经生物学，遗传和环境因素之间的主要影响和相互作用； 2）确定这些因素的哪些组合可以预测青春期AUD的最终发展； 3）检查AUD对青少年脑发育的后果。该设计的目的是阐明这些风险因素如何通过已经存在抑郁症的风险来调节AUD的发展。这将通过在初步评估时选择两个年龄在12至14岁的青少年样本来实现，他们的抑郁症具有较高或低的家族负荷，并在青少年晚期的三年内每年跟随它们。措施将包括：情绪和负面影响的评估；神经回路下降情感行为的功能成像；涉及5-羟色胺神经传递的遗传多态性；暴露于急性/慢性应激源；和饮酒和疾病的维度评估。这项工作的短期目标是了解抑郁症与AUD之间的病因学联系，并最终在青春期出现。长期目标是确定AUD开发涉及的途径和机制，这些方式将为早期干预和预防策略提供依据。