Understanding the role of different types of conservation area in meeting global biodiversity protection targets

了解不同类型保护区在实现全球生物多样性保护目标中的作用

• 批准号: 2769559
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Kent
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2769559
• 关键词: Understanding; role; different; types; conservation

Research backgroundThe most widely used approach for reducing biodiversity loss is establishing conservation areas, which is why scientists and practitioners have called for 30% global coverage by 2030 (Dinerstein et al, 2019). Achieving this will depend on increasing the number of privately- and community-managed conservation areas (Donald et al, 2019), as this is more socially just and politically feasible. In addition, it may help protect species that are under-represented in state conservation areas, which are generally located in ecosystems with low economic value (Joppa & Pfaff, 2009). However, we know little about the locations of privately- and community-managed conservation areas, making it impossible to understand the importance of the different conservation area types or monitor progress towards global targets.To overcome this, a DICE-led research team developed a sample-based approach. This identified a 10% sample of the terrestrial realm within a minimum number of countries that is representative of spatial patterns of biodiversity and conservation area coverage (Sykes et al, in press). They then worked with in-country partner organisations to collect the best available conservation area data. This work confirmed the value of the approach and its potential to answer important research questions.Aims and objectivesThis studentship will build on this existing sampled conservation area research by:1) Investigating the robustness of the approach for identifying the subset of countries and global sample by comparing results using different prioritisation techniques (based on the Marxan and Zonation software packages), and using different targets for the percentage of the globe selected. This will involve collecting data on an additional 10% of the terrestrial realm.2) Based on the 20% sample, investigating the role that different conservation area types play in meeting global conservation targets, such as representing biodiversity, e.g., meeting species and ecosystem representation targets (Venter et al, 2014) and maintaining landscape connectivity (Saura et al, 2019).3) Determining the effectiveness of different types of conservation area in preventing habitat loss (Andam et al, 2008), using global datasets on the spread of deforestation and agricultural conversion to understand whether and how this varies between biomes and socio-economic conditions.4) Reviewing the literature to assess how the approach developed in Objective 1 could be applied to the marine realm and piloting the approach using available global datasets on marine biogeography, governance and ecosystem pressures.

研究背景最广泛地使用生物多样性损失的方法是建立保护领域，这就是为什么科学家和从业者在2030年呼吁全球覆盖范围30％的原因（Dinerstein等，2019）。实现这一目标将取决于增加私人和社区管理的保护领域的数量（Donald等，2019），因为这在社会上更公正和政治上是可行的。此外，它可能有助于保护在州保护区中代表性不足的物种，这些物种通常位于经济价值较低的生态系统中（Joppa＆Pfaff，2009年）。但是，我们对私人和社区管理的保护区的位置知之甚少，因此无法理解不同的保护区类型的重要性或监控对全球目标的进展。为了克服这一问题，骰子领导的研究团队开发了一种基于样本的方法。这确定了代表生物多样性和保护区域覆盖范围空间模式的最小国家中的10％样本（Sykes等人，印刷中）。然后，他们与国内合作伙伴组织合作，收集最佳可用保护区数据。这项工作证实了该方法的价值及其回答重要的研究问题的潜力。iams和Absocivesthis学生将以以下方式建立在现有的采样保护区研究的基础上：1）调查方法，通过使用不同的优先级技术（基于Marxan和Marxan和zonation软件包装），通过使用不同的优先级技术来比较识别国家和全球样本的方法的鲁棒性，并使用不同的目标进行选择。这将涉及根据20％的样本收集陆地上的10％的数据，并研究不同的保护区类型在满足全球保护目标中起作用的作用，例如代表生物多样性，例如，满足物种和生态系统的代表性目标（Venter等人，2014年）（Venter等人，2014年）（Venter等人，2014年），并维持景观连接性（Saura et and saura et insignition niverning tyne fortive anditions anding anding anding and of 2019）。损失（Andam等，2008），使用全球数据集关于森林砍伐和农业转化的传播，以了解生物群落和社会经济状况之间的变化以及如何变化。4）回顾文献以评估目标1中开发的方法如何应用于海上领域的方法，并使用可用的全球数据纳入海上数据集对海上生物学生物的委员会进行试验。