The late Renaissance Humanism of Marie de Gournay

在攻读博士学位的过程中，我希望能研究哲学家、翻译家、文学评论家、蒙田《散文集》编辑玛丽·德·古尔内（Marie de Gournay）的作品。在她多产的职业生涯中，古尔内创建了一个文学沙龙，出版了塔西佗的译本，一本诗集和两部关于女性平等的作品。早期的学者只关注古尔内与其知识分子“父亲”蒙田的友谊，而我希望用古尔内后来的作品来思考她在《散文集》出版后半个世纪里的思想演变。尽管古尔内作品的多样性和令人印象深刻的范围，她的后期作品似乎为早期现代思想的历史学家提出了两个特别有趣的主题。首先是古尔内近乎教条的对古代文本权威的信仰。事实上，她经常引用经典的例子来支持她关于女性平等的观点，也许她1622年的论文《男女平等》（egalit<e:1> des hommes et des femmes）就是最好的例证。最后一点暗示了古尔内作品研究中出现的第二个主要主题，即她对女性理性的日益有力的论证以及她对女性问题的参与。在攻读博士学位期间，我希望思考古尔内是如何在古代的权威受到皮罗尼怀疑论者和笛卡尔理性主义者的围攻时，用经典的例子来支持她的女权主义论点的。

Over the course of doctoral study, I hope to consider the writings of the philosopher, translator, literary critic, and editor ofMontaigne's 'Essais,' Marie de Gournay. During her prolific career Gournay created a literary salon, published atranslation of Tacitus, a volume of poetry, and two works on female equality. Unlike earlier scholars, who have focusedexclusively upon Gournay's friendship with her intellectual 'father' Montaigne, I hope to use Gournay's later writings toconsider the evolution of her thought in the half-century after the publication of the 'Essais.' Despite the heterogeneityand impressive scope of Gournay's oeuvre, her later writings seem to present two particularly interesting themes for thehistorian of early modern ideas. The first is Gournay's near-dogmatic belief in the authority of ancient texts. Indeed, sheregularly employs classical examples to support her arguments for female equality, as perhaps best illustrated by her1622 treatise 'Egalité des hommes et des femmes.' This final point alludes to the second major theme that emerges fromthe study of Gournay's writings, namely her increasingly powerful arguments for female rationality and her engagementwith the querelle des femmes. During this PhD, I hope to consider the ways in which Gournay was able to use classicalexamples to support her feminist arguments at a time when the authority of the ancients was under siege from bothPyrrhonian sceptics and Cartesian rationalists.