The Men Who Stayed at Home: Civilian Masculinities on the American Home Front During World War II

我的研究考察了美国男性平民在20世纪40年代构建，重建和表达他们的男子气概和男子气概的方式。我把我的研究放在《兵役法》实施期间（1940-1947），因为正如詹姆斯·斯派洛所说，兵役官员对不同群体的人进行分类的方式“对”“服从他们的人”的“男子气概”产生了重大影响。我专注于三个群体推迟服役的选择性服务管理：CO（良心拒服兵役者谁receivedCategory IV-E状态）;“战争工人”和农业劳动者推迟，因为他们的工作的重要性，以thewar努力（第二类）;和男人，包括同性恋者，被认为是“身体上，精神上，或道德上不适合”的服务（类IV-F）。通过将女性推入传统的男性职业，并进一步将战斗GI理想化为理想型男性，战争迫使这三个平民群体重建并应对挑战，他们自己的性别身份。调查这些过程将提供一个更全面的性别对二战的后方。

My research examines the ways in which male American civilians constructed, reconstructed, and expressed theirmasculinities and manhood in the 1940s. I situate my study in the period during which the Selective Service Act was inoperation (1940-1947), because, as James Sparrow has argued, the ways in which Selective Service officials classifieddifferent groups of men 'had momentous consequences for the manhood' of 'the men subjected to them'. I focus on threegroups deferred from service by the Selective Service administration: COs (conscientious objectors who receivedCategory IV-E status); 'war workers' and agricultural labourers deferred because of the importance of their work to thewar effort (Category II); and men, including homosexuals, deemed 'physically, mentally, or morally unfit' for service(Category IV-F). By pushing women into traditionally male occupations and further idealising the combat GI as the ideal-type male, the war forced these three civilian groups to reconstruct, and negotiate the challenges to, their own genderedidentities. Investigating these processes will provide a fuller picture of gender on the WWII home front.