权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Water Ice Clouds in the Atmosphere of Mars

火星大气中的水冰云

基本信息

批准号：
2801340
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
The Open University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2801340
关键词：
Water Ice Clouds Atmosphere Mars

项目摘要

Thin water ice clouds are often seen in the atmosphere of Mars and, unlike Earth, temperatures reach sufficiently low for carbon dioxide ice clouds to form as well. This project will involve the use of the Open University Mars global circulation model to investigate the martian cloud cycle [1]. Dust, water vapour and ice are transported by winds in the martian atmosphere. They interact through absorbing and emitting radiation, affecting atmospheric temperatures and wind patterns in turn [2]. Atmospheric Figure 1: Satellite observations from the Mars Climate Sounder of the latitude-altitude distribution of water ice opacity during the 2018 global dust storm (left) and in the subsequent year with no global dust storm.temperatures determine where condensable species freeze into ice, or ice sublimates, and dust plays a further role as condensation nuclei for ice particles.In 2018, Mars experienced a global dust storm, when most of the planet was enshrouded in a layer of dust resulting from global-scale dust activity. During such extreme events, the distribution of water vapour and water ice clouds is modified significantly, resulting in the transport of water to much higher altitudes in the atmosphere than is normally possible. This 'uplift' of water is believed to be linked to the overall loss of water from the top of the atmosphere of Mars. Understanding the behaviour of water under a range of dust activity will allow water loss rates to be calculated over time for several Mars years

在火星的大气层中经常可以看到薄薄的水冰云，与地球不同的是，温度达到足够低的二氧化碳冰云形成。该项目将涉及使用开放大学的火星全球环流模型来研究火星云循环[1]。火星大气中的尘埃、水蒸气和冰都是由风输送的。它们通过吸收和发射辐射相互作用，依次影响大气温度和风模式[2]。大气图1：火星气候探测器对2018年全球沙尘暴期间（左）和随后没有全球沙尘暴的一年中水冰不透明度的纬度-高度分布的卫星观测。温度决定了可凝结物种冻结成冰或冰升华的位置，尘埃作为冰粒的凝结核发挥了进一步的作用。2018年，火星经历了一场全球沙尘暴，当时地球的大部分地区都笼罩在一层由全球规模的尘埃活动造成的尘埃中。在这种极端事件中，水蒸气和水冰云的分布发生了重大变化，导致水被输送到比正常情况下可能达到的更高的大气层高度。这种水的“上升”被认为与火星大气层顶部的水的整体损失有关。了解水在一系列尘埃活动下的行为将允许计算几个火星年的水损失率