Modular High-Field Superconducting Magnets with Demountable Joints for Fusion Energy Applications

用于聚变能应用的具有可拆卸接头的模块化高场超导磁体

• 批准号: 2820016
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Durham University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2820016
• 关键词: Modular; Field; Superconducting; Magnets; Demountable

Background to the PhD Research Project:: Modular magnets with demountable superconducting joints will be required for commercialisation of fusion energy. They will operate at cryogenic temperatures in high magnetic fields. In this project, the PhD student will design, develop and test new demountable superconducting joints made using both traditional low temperature and high temperature superconductors. These joints must meet the requirements: low-cost, low-loss, thermally, electrically and mechanically stable, and remote-handling ready. Staff with expertise and facilities in Durham (Superconductivity Group) and CCFE (STEP and RACE) will collaborate in the design and fabrication of these joints. Testing at high currents will be in high-field cryogenic facilities in Durham. At the beginning of the 21st century, the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) Tokamak that is being built in Cadarache in France is one of the most exciting scientific projects (http://www.iter.org/). It will produce 500 MW which is about ten times the power needed to run the machine. Superconductivity is the enabling technology for this project since without it, the magnets that hold the plasma would either melt or consume more energy than the tokamak produces. Approximately one third of the cost of ITER comes from the superconducting magnets which use low temperature superconductors. After ITER, we expect new tokamaks to be built across the world that will help enable commercial fusion energy (eg DEMO - Demonstration Power Plant - and STEP - Spherical Tokamak for Electricity Production). Unfortunately the ITER superconducting magnets will not be suitable for commercialisation of fusion energy because they are not modular or demountable. If one of the TF coils at ITER is damaged, it will take at least one year to replace it. Furthermore in commercial tokamaks, modular magnets and joints will need replacing using remote handling because the levels of activation will make direct human entry impossible. CCFE have world-class expertise at RACE, including more than 20 years handling remote operations for JET. This PhD will bring together the expertise to develop next generation demountable superconducting joints for fusion energy applications. PhD Research Project and Supervision : The PhD research project will be experimental. It will include a collaboration between Durham University and The Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) designing, fabricating and measuring joints for new demountable magnets. The student will focus on developing novel joint designs, considering both traditional low- and high-temperature superconductors. The timescale for first-plasma at ITER (2025) offers a wonderful opportunity for early career Physicists to help pioneer new demountable magnet designs using low- and high-temperature superconductors. They will be expected to network with scientists throughout the world working on fusion.

博士研究项目的背景::融合能量商业化需要具有可降低超导关节的模块化磁铁。它们将在高磁场的低温温度下运行。在这个项目中，博士生将使用传统的低温和高温超导体设计，开发和测试新的可降低超导关节。这些关节必须满足要求：低成本，低损坏，热，电气和机械稳定以及远程处理。在达勒姆（SuperDoductivity Group）和CCFE（步骤和种族）拥有专业知识和设施的员工将在这些关节的设计和制造中进行合作。高电流的测试将在达勒姆（Durham）的高田间低温设施中进行。在21世纪初，正在法国卡达拉奇建造的ITER（国际热核实验反应堆）是最令人兴奋的科学项目之一（http://wwwww.iter.org/）。它将产生500兆瓦，大约是运行机器所需的功率的十倍。超导性是该项目的有利技术，因为没有该项目，持有等离子体的磁铁将融化或消耗能量比Tokamak产生的能量更多。迭代成本的大约三分之一来自使用低温超导体的超导磁体。在ITER之后，我们预计将在全球范围内建造新的Tokamaks，这将有助于实现商业融合能源（例如演示 - 演示发电厂 - 和台阶 - 球形Tokamak用于电力生产）。不幸的是，ITER超导磁体不适合融合能量的商业化，因为它们不是模块化的或可降低的。如果ITER的TF线圈之一损坏，则至少需要一年的时间才能替换它。此外，在商业tokamaks中，模块化磁铁和关节需要使用远程处理来代替，因为激活的水平将使直接的人进入。 CCFE拥有比赛的世界一流专业知识，其中包括20年以上处理JET的远程操作。该博士将汇集专业知识，以开发融合能源应用的下一代可观的超导关节。博士研究项目和监督：博士研究项目将是实验性的。它将包括达勒姆大学与库勒姆融合能源中心（CCFE）设计，制造和测量新磁铁的关节。考虑到传统的低温和高温超导体，该学生将专注于开发新型的联合设计。 ITER（2025）在Iter（2025）上的第一播的时间表为早期职业生理学家提供了一个绝佳的机会，可以使用低温和高温超导体帮助开拓新的降落磁铁设计。他们将期望他们与全世界的科学家建立联系，从事融合。